Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] Energy Model for UAV Communications: Experimental Validation and Model Generalization

Ning Gao, Yong Zeng|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 4, 2020
UAV Applications and Optimization参考文献 20被引用 6
一句话总结

该论文通过大量飞行实验验证了旋翼无人机的理论能量模型,并提出了适用于任意二维水平飞行的广义启发式能量模型。通过基于模型的曲线拟合与基于模型的深度学习方法(在超过12,000个功率-速度数据点上进行),验证了理论与实测结果之间的一致性,并证实了该模型在圆周飞行中的准确性,其中由于半径较小导致离心加速度增大,功率也随之增加。

ABSTRACT

Wireless communication involving unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is expected to play an important role in future wireless networks. However, different from conventional terrestrial communication systems, UAVs typically have rather limited onboard energy on one hand, and require additional flying energy consumption on the other hand, which renders energy-efficient UAV communication with smart energy expenditure of paramount importance. In this paper, via extensive flight experiments, we aim to firstly validate the recently derived theoretical energy model for rotary-wing UAVs, and then develop a general model for those complicated flight scenarios where rigorous theoretical model derivation is quite challenging, if not impossible. Specifically, we first investigate how UAV power consumption varies with its flying speed for the simplest straight-and-level flight. With about 12,000 valid power-speed data points collected, we first apply the model-based curve fitting to obtain the modelling parameters based on the theoretical closed-form energy model in the existing literature. In addition, in order to exclude the potential bias caused by the theoretical energy model, the obtained measurement data is also trained using a model-free deep neural network. It is found that the obtained curve from both methods can match quite well with the theoretical energy model. Next, we further extend the study to arbitrary 2-dimensional (2-D) flight, where, to our best knowledge, no rigorous theoretical derivation is available for the closed-form energy model as a function of its flying speed, direction, and acceleration. To fill the gap, we first propose a heuristic energy model for these more complicated cases, and then provide experimental validation based on the measurement results for circular level flight.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过实验验证旋翼无人机在直线平飞条件下的理论能量模型。
  • 为理论推导不可行的复杂二维飞行场景开发广义能量模型。
  • 量化飞行速度、飞行半径和离心加速度对无人机功耗的影响。
  • 比较基于模型的拟合与无模型深度学习在能量消耗曲线估计中的表现。
  • 在不同速度和半径下,验证启发式模型在圆周水平飞行中的适用性。

提出的方法

  • 开展了广泛的飞行实验,收集了约12,000个有效功率-速度数据点,用于直线平飞条件。
  • 采用基于模型的曲线拟合方法,利用从旋翼机气动和推进物理推导出的理论闭式能量模型。
  • 采用无模型深度神经网络对相同测量数据进行拟合,避免依赖理论模型的假设。
  • 提出一种适用于任意二维水平飞行的启发式能量模型,将能量表示为速度和离心加速度的函数。
  • 利用不同速度(1–6 m/s)和半径(10–20 m)下圆周水平飞行的实验数据,验证该启发式模型。
  • 从数据中排除起飞和着陆阶段,以隔离稳态圆周飞行行为。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1旋翼无人机的理论能量模型在直线平飞条件下与真实飞行测量结果的匹配程度如何?
  • RQ2无模型深度神经网络是否能在不依赖理论模型假设的前提下复现理论能量模型?
  • RQ3在圆周水平飞行中,无人机功耗如何随飞行速度和飞行半径变化?
  • RQ4离心加速度在弯曲飞行中对功耗的影响程度如何?
  • RQ5广义启发式能量模型是否能准确描述超出直线运动的任意二维水平飞行?

主要发现

  • 基于模型的曲线拟合与无模型深度学习均生成了与理论能量模型高度吻合的曲线,证实了其有效性。
  • 理论能量模型在表征无人机功耗方面优于简单的多项式近似。
  • 在较高飞行速度(≥4 m/s)下,飞行半径减小导致功耗显著增加,证实了离心加速度的影响。
  • 在速度≤4 m/s时,飞行半径对功耗影响微小,表明在慢速转弯状态下敏感度较低。
  • 启发式能量模型在圆周水平飞行中准确预测了功耗,且在不同半径和速度下结果一致。
  • 切向加速度对功耗的累积效应仅取决于初速度和末速度,与中间值无关,这与动能项的预测一致。

更好的研究,从现在开始

从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。