Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] Enhanced triplet superconductivity in next generation ultraclean UTe2

Z. Wu, T. I. Weinberger|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 30, 2023
Rare-earth and actinide compounds被引用 5
一句话总结

本研究报道了通过盐助熔法生长的下一代超纯 UTe2 单晶中自旋三重态超导性的增强,显示出在硬性 b 轴附近,磁场增强的超导性区域显著扩展。结果表明,晶体无序强烈抑制了调控不同三重态超导相之间转变的磁涨落,超纯样品在高达 35 T 的磁场下表现出稳定的 SC2 相,且由于无序诱导的散射被抑制,其磁场增强行为得到增强。

ABSTRACT

The unconventional superconductor UTe$_2$ exhibits numerous signatures of spin-triplet superconductivity -- a rare state of matter which could enable quantum computation protected against decoherence. UTe$_2$ possesses a complex phase landscape comprising two magnetic field-induced superconducting phases, a metamagnetic transition to a field-polarised state, along with pair- and charge-density wave orders. However, contradictory reports between studies performed on UTe$_2$ specimens of varying quality have severely impeded theoretical efforts to understand the microscopic origins of the exotic superconductivity. Here, we report a comprehensive suite of high magnetic field measurements on a new generation of pristine quality UTe$_2$ crystals. Our experiments reveal a significantly revised high magnetic field superconducting phase diagram in the ultraclean limit, showing a pronounced sensitivity of field-induced superconductivity to the presence of crystalline disorder. We employ a Ginzburg-Landau model that excellently captures this acute dependence on sample quality. Our results suggest that in close proximity to a field--induced metamagnetic transition the enhanced role of magnetic fluctuations -- that are strongly suppressed by disorder -- is likely responsible for tuning UTe$_2$ between two distinct spin-triplet superconducting phases.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过研究下一代超纯单晶,解决关于 UTe2 超导性质的相互矛盾报告。
  • 探究晶体无序在抑制调控自旋三重态超导相之间转变的磁涨落中的作用。
  • 表征高磁场下磁场增强的超导态(SC2)及其在 b 轴附近的角依赖性。
  • 建立超纯 UTe2 中增强的超导临界温度与磁场强度之间的关联。
  • 通过与无序样品对比,阐明磁场增强超导态的微观起源。

提出的方法

  • 对通过盐助熔技术生长的超纯 UTe2 单晶进行了高磁场电阻率和比热测量。
  • 在磁场接近硬性 b 轴时进行角度依赖的电阻率测量,以绘制磁场增强超导态的角向范围。
  • 采用具有磁场依赖自能修正的弱耦合 BCS 型模型来描述超导能隙函数,通过电子衰减率 Γₑ 引入无序效应。
  • 利用 Matsubara 频率求和推导自洽能隙方程,并包含序参量相对于磁场的横向(d⊥)和纵向(d∥)分量。
  • 模型中引入了经验形式因子 c(θ,φ),以加权序参量平行分量对能隙方程的贡献。
  • 使用 digamma 函数 ψ 计算磁场和无序强度对电子格林函数的影响,从而得到临界温度 Tc 作为磁场和无序强度的函数。
Figure 1: Electrical resistivity, $\rho$ , as a function of temperature, $T$ , for three samples grown by the molten salt flux (MSF) technique (colored points), plotted alongside data reported for a chemical vapor transport (CVT) specimen in ref. [ 10 ] . $T_{\text{c}}$ values were determined by zer
Figure 1: Electrical resistivity, $\rho$ , as a function of temperature, $T$ , for three samples grown by the molten salt flux (MSF) technique (colored points), plotted alongside data reported for a chemical vapor transport (CVT) specimen in ref. [ 10 ] . $T_{\text{c}}$ values were determined by zer

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1晶体无序如何影响 UTe2 中 b 轴附近磁场增强超导相(SC2)的稳定性和范围?
  • RQ2磁涨落在高磁场中稳定 SC2 相中起什么作用?
  • RQ3为何先前的研究对 UTe2 的超导转变存在相互矛盾的报告?样品质量如何解决这一问题?
  • RQ4UTe2 的上临界磁场在多大程度上超过泡利极限?这对配对对称性有何含义?
  • RQ5在超纯与无序 UTe2 样品中,超导性的角依赖性如何变化?

主要发现

  • 超纯 UTe2 单晶在 b 轴附近表现出显著增强的磁场增强超导相(SC2),其角向范围比以往样品更广。
  • 在 SC2 相中,超纯样品的临界温度 Tc 得到增强,表明由于无序散射减少,超导配对更强。
  • 当磁场方向接近 b 轴时,超导性可维持至 μ₀H ≈ 35 T,与自旋三重态配对机制一致,该机制对泡利顺磁极限具有强鲁棒性。
  • 在超纯样品中,磁场增强的 SC2 相的角向范围显著扩大,表明磁涨落(被无序抑制)是稳定该相的关键因素。
  • 无序对磁涨落的抑制与磁场增强超导态的消失或减弱直接相关,这一点在与早期无序样品的对比中得到证实。
  • 采用具有磁场和无序依赖性的能隙方程并引入经验形式因子 c(θ,φ) 的理论建模,成功再现了观测到的 Tc 的角向和磁场依赖性,证实了磁涨落在调控超导态中的作用。
Figure 2: Magnetic field–temperature superconducting phase diagram of UTe 2 . For field oriented along each crystallographic axis, $T_{\text{c}}$ ( $H$ ) is enhanced for MSF samples (bold symbols) in comparison to CVT samples (pale symbols). Lines are given as a guide to the eye. Contacted (contactl
Figure 2: Magnetic field–temperature superconducting phase diagram of UTe 2 . For field oriented along each crystallographic axis, $T_{\text{c}}$ ( $H$ ) is enhanced for MSF samples (bold symbols) in comparison to CVT samples (pale symbols). Lines are given as a guide to the eye. Contacted (contactl

更好的研究,从现在开始

从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。