[论文解读] Exploring outlooks towards generative AI-based assistive technologies for people with Autism

Deepak Giri, Erin Brady|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 16, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder Research被引用 9

一句话总结

这个工作坊研究对Reddit关于Nvidia的眼神接触功能的讨论进行了定性分析，以评估自闭症谱系和神经典型人群对生成式AI作为辅助技术的看法。它发现情绪混合以及未来工作中的关键人机交互问题。

ABSTRACT

The last few years have significantly increased global interest in generative artificial intelligence. Deepfakes, which are synthetically created videos, emerged as an application of generative artificial intelligence. Fake news and pornographic content have been the two most prevalent negative use cases of deepfakes in the digital ecosystem. Deepfakes have some advantageous applications that experts in the subject have thought of in the areas of filmmaking, teaching, etc. Research on the potential of deepfakes among people with disabilities is, however, scarce or nonexistent. This workshop paper explores the potential of deepfakes as an assistive technology. We examined Reddit conversations regarding Nvdia's new videoconferencing feature which allows participants to maintain eye contact during online meetings. Through manual web scraping and qualitative coding, we found 162 relevant comments discussing the relevance and appropriateness of the technology for people with Autism. The themes identified from the qualitative codes indicate a number of concerns for technology among the autistic community. We suggest that developing generative AI-based assistive solutions will have ramifications for human-computer interaction (HCI), and present open questions that should be investigated further in this space.

研究动机与目标

• 探索公众对基于生成式AI的辅助技术在自闭症人群中的态度。
• 确定在自闭症与神经典型群体中感知的利益与担忧。
• 强调未来在人机交互研究中关于可用性、社会规范和伦理问题的探讨。

提出的方法

• 对9个讨论Nvidia眼神接触与自闭症相关的Reddit讨论串中手工收集的162条评论进行数据收集。
• 通过定性编码从编码数据中提取高层次主题。
• 披露评论者的残疾状况以分析观点差异。
• 综述主题以生成未来工作的开放性研究问题。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 自闭症与神经典型个体如何看待基于AI的眼神接触在视频通话中的潜在收益与缺点？
• RQ2 对自闭症用户使用生成式AI辅助技术时，哪些可用性、隐私和社会规范挑战会出现？
• RQ3 就通过辅助AI在不同文化中使眼神接触常态化所引发的伦理或社会问题有哪些？
• RQ4 未来在人机交互研究中应回答哪些开放性问题以指导此领域的研究？

主要发现

• 大多数评论（N=88）对Nvidia的眼神接触功能表达了负面反应。
• 相当一部分（N=46）支持该功能，引用在直播和工作场景中的潜在用途。
• 自闭症评论者表现出更为多样的观点（10条积极，8条负面，2条中性），相比之下神经典型评论者为（14条积极，4条负面，4条中性）。
• 一些讨论强调在许多社交互动中眼神接触可能无关紧要或不受欢迎（N=50）。
• 访谈指出对“ masking” 和社会规范压力的担忧，有些认为该功能令人毛骨悚然（N=35）。
• 研究指出可用性、文化差异以及“ uncanny-valley”担忧是未来HCI研究的重要方向。