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[论文解读] Finite population games of optimal execution

David Evangelista, Yuri Thamsten|arXiv (Cornell University)|Apr 2, 2020
Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis参考文献 15被引用 4
一句话总结

本文研究了具有价格摩擦的有限人群最优执行博弈,将Almgren-Chriss模型扩展至包含整体永久性价格影响。推导出异质参与者的闭式纳什均衡,并建立具有领导者-追随者结构的斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡,通过麦凯恩-弗拉斯科夫型前向-后向随机微分方程系统证明了存在性与唯一性。

ABSTRACT

We investigate finite population games of optimal execution, taking place at a market with friction. The models over which we develop our results are akin to the standard Almgren-Chriss model with linear price impacts. On the one hand, at a temporary level, our perspective is rather similar to that of the aforementioned model. On the other hand, all players in the model will impact the asset's public price, yielding an aggregate permanent price impact. We propose to analyze two different settings. The first one comprises the case where there is no hierarchy among players, and there is a symmetry of information. In this setting, we obtain closed-form formulas to the Nash equilibrium in the most general setting, i.e., when players' preferences are completely heterogeneous. Particularizing to the case of homogeneous parameters, we show that the average optimal inventory of the finite population converges to its mean-field counterpart, uniformly over a fixed trading horizon, as the population size grows to infinity. In the second framework, we consider a major player, also called a leader, with the first move advantage, and a population of minor players, also known as followers, thought of as high-frequency traders, which trade on informational advantage against the leader. This leads to a model of McKean-Vlasov type for the dynamics of the asset's midprice. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg-Nash equilibrium for a reasonable set of model parameters. We also characterize it as the solution of an abstract vector forward-backward stochastic differential equation system.

研究动机与目标

  • 建模由于集体交易导致的永久性价格影响下的有限人群最优执行问题。
  • 分析对称的异质参与者情形,并推导显式纳什均衡公式。
  • 研究一位主要参与者在高频追随者之前交易的领导者-追随者结构。
  • 在合理的参数条件下,建立斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡的存在性与唯一性。
  • 通过向量前向-后向随机微分方程系统刻画均衡动态。

提出的方法

  • 通过引入所有交易者带来的整体永久性价格影响,扩展Almgren-Chriss模型。
  • 利用对称的异质偏好,推导有限人群中的闭式纳什均衡。
  • 引入领导者-追随者框架,其中领导者具有先行优势,追随者基于信息进行行动。
  • 使用麦凯恩-弗拉斯科夫型随机微分方程建模中间价格动态。
  • 通过分析一个抽象的向量前向-后向随机微分方程系统,证明斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡的存在性与唯一性。
  • 应用均场近似,证明当群体规模增大时,有限人群的平均持仓量收敛至均场极限。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在存在线性价格影响与整体永久性影响的情况下,有限人群异质交易者的纳什均衡行为如何?
  • RQ2当群体规模增大时,有限人群中的平均最优交易策略是否收敛至均场解?
  • RQ3当一位主要参与者在一群高频交易者之前交易时,斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡的结构是怎样的?
  • RQ4在领导者-追随者设定下,如何从数学上刻画均衡动态?
  • RQ5在何种条件下,该最优执行博弈中存在唯一的斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡?

主要发现

  • 为具有完全异质偏好的有限人群推导出闭式纳什均衡策略。
  • 当群体规模趋于无穷大时,有限人群中的平均最优持仓量一致收敛至均场解。
  • 在领导者-追随者设定下,对于一组合理的模型参数,存在唯一的斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡。
  • 斯塔克尔贝格-纳什均衡被表征为一个抽象向量前向-后向随机微分方程系统的解。
  • 该模型捕捉了所有交易者行为引起的整体永久性价格影响,而不仅限于单个交易。
  • 领导者先行优势导致资产中间价格呈现麦凯恩-弗拉斯科夫型动态。

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