[论文解读] Formulation, existence, and computation of simultaneous route-and-departure choice bounded rationality dynamic user equilibrium with fixed or endogenous user tolerance
本文将连续时间的同步路径选择与出发时间选择有限理性动态用户均衡(BR-DUE)及其可变容忍度(VT-BR-DUE)扩展形式,形式化为无限维变分不等式、微分变分不等式和不动点问题。在比以往SRDC DUE模型更弱的假设下建立了存在性结果,并提出了一种不动点迭代算法,可高效计算解,通过基于路径流量和交通状况的内生容忍度捕捉更真实的驾驶员行为。
This paper analyzes the continuous-time simultaneous route-and-departure choice (SRDC) dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) that incorporates boundedness of user rationality. As such, the bounded rationality dynamic user equilibrium (BR-DUE) model assumes that travelers do not always seek the least costly route-and-departure-time choice. Rather, their perception of travel cost is affected by an indifference band which describes travelers' tolerance towards the difference between their experienced travel costs and the minimum travel cost. We further extend our subject of investigation to include a variable tolerance (VT) BR-DUE with endogenously determined tolerances that may depend not only on a particular path, but also on the established path flows (path departure rates). The VT-BR- DUE model captures more realistic driving behaviors that stem from path heterogeneity, and drivers' observations of prevailing traffic conditions. For the first time in the literature, the continuous-time VT-BR-DUE problem, together with the BR-DUE problem as a special case, is formulated as an infinite dimensional variational inequality, a differential variational inequality, and a fixed point problem. Existence results for VT-BR-DUE and BR-DUE are provided based on assumptions weaker than those made for SRDC DUEs. Moreover, we propose, based on the fixed point formulation, a fixed-point iterative algorithm that computes VT-BR-DUE and BR-DUE in continuous time, which is then tested on several networks in terms of solution characteristics, convergence, and computational time.
研究动机与目标
- 通过为出行成本差异引入无感带(容忍度)来建模动态交通分配中更真实的驾驶员行为。
- 将BR-DUE模型扩展为允许容忍度基于路径特定流量和交通状况内生变化,以增强现实感。
- 在连续时间框架下,通过无限维变分不等式和微分变分不等式,正式形式化VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE问题。
- 在弱于以往SRDC DUE模型所需假设的条件下,建立VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE的解的存在性结果。
- 开发并测试一种不动点迭代算法,用于在连续时间下计算VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE的解。
提出的方法
- 将BR-DUE与VT-BR-DUE形式化为无限维变分不等式,以捕捉连续时间下的均衡条件。
- 将问题表示为微分变分不等式,以建模用户选择和流量演化的时变动态。
- 将均衡条件重新表述为不动点问题,以支持迭代求解。
- 引入依赖于路径出发率和当前交通状况的内生容忍度,反映现实世界中驾驶员的感知。
- 基于不动点形式化,开发一种不动点迭代算法,以数值方式计算解。
- 在多个网络上进行数值测试,以评估收敛性、计算时间及解的特性。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何在连续时间动态用户均衡框架下建模路径选择与出发时间选择中的有限理性?
- RQ2依赖于路径流量和交通状况的内生用户容忍度,对动态用户均衡的公式化与求解有何影响?
- RQ3与经典SRDC DUE模型相比,VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE在何种更弱的假设下可证明解的存在性?
- RQ4不动点迭代算法能否在连续时间下有效计算VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE的解,且具备良好的收敛性与计算性能?
- RQ5在所提出的模型下,不同网络配置中解的特性、收敛行为与计算时间如何变化?
主要发现
- 首次在文献中将VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE模型正式形式化为无限维变分不等式、微分变分不等式和不动点问题。
- 在弱于以往SRDC DUE模型所需假设的条件下,证明了VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE的解的存在性。
- 所提出的不动点迭代算法在连续时间下成功计算出VT-BR-DUE与BR-DUE的解,并在测试网络中展现出收敛性。
- 通过允许容忍度基于路径流量和实际交通状况内生变化,该模型更真实地反映了驾驶员行为。
- 数值实验证实了该算法在收敛速度与解稳定性方面的计算效率与鲁棒性。
- 引入内生容忍度提升了模型反映路径异质性及驾驶员对出行成本差异感知的能力。
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