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[论文解读] FPGA Based Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated Waveform Generation for Solar (PV) Rural Home Power Inverter

Shakti Singh, Arun Kumar Singh|arXiv (Cornell University)|Feb 17, 2010
Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques参考文献 2被引用 7
一句话总结

本文提出了一种基于FPGA的正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)波形生成系统,用于太阳能供电的农村家庭逆变器,采用Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA和VHDL实现。新颖的直接PWM调制策略可在无需硬件更改的情况下实现对逆变器电压、频率和PWM脉冲数的灵活、实时控制,通过仿真和原型测试验证,成功生成并验证了波形。

ABSTRACT

With the increasing concern about global environmental protection and energy demand due to rapid growth of population in developing countries and the diminishing trend of resources of conventional grid supply, the need to produce freely available pollution free natural energy such as solar/wind energy has been drawing increasing interest in every corner of the world. In an effort to utilize these energies effectively through Power converter, a great deal of research is being carried out by different researchers / scientist and engineers at different places in the world to meet the increasing demand of load. The study presents methodology to integrate solar (PV) energy (which is freely available in every corner of the world) with grid source and supplement the existing grid power in rural houses during its cut off or restricted supply period. In order to get consistency in supply a DG is also added as a standby source in the proposed integration of network. The software using novel Direct PWM modulation strategy and its soft control features extend the flexibility to control converter (inverter) parameters like voltage, frequency, number of samples of PWM pulses constituting sine-wave without changing any hardware configuration in the circuit. The system simulation of PWM Pulse generation has been done on a XILINX based FPGA Spartan 3E board using VHDL code. The test on simulation of PWM generation program after synthesis and compilation were recorded and verified on a prototype sample.

研究动机与目标

  • 为发展中国家电网不稳定或无电网接入的农村家庭开发一种低成本、可靠的逆变器解决方案。
  • 将光伏(PV)太阳能发电与备用柴油发电机(DG)集成,以在电网停电时确保持续供电。
  • 设计一种基于FPGA的灵活、可重构SPWM生成系统,以提升逆变器性能与控制能力。
  • 实现在无需硬件修改的情况下,对逆变器参数(电压、频率和PWM脉冲数)进行实时调整。

提出的方法

  • 在Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA平台上使用VHDL实现直接PWM调制策略。
  • 设计正弦参考信号生成器,以产生纯净正弦波,用于与PWM输出进行比较。
  • 通过将正弦参考信号与高频三角载波信号进行比较,生成SPWM脉冲。
  • 在FPGA中使用软控制功能,通过软件动态调整逆变器参数(如电压和频率)。
  • 对VHDL代码进行综合与编译,随后在实物原型上进行仿真与硬件测试。
  • 通过示波器测试及与预期正弦波特性对比,验证生成的SPWM波形。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1如何设计一种基于FPGA的SPWM系统,以实现在无需硬件更改情况下的灵活、实时控制逆变器输出参数?
  • RQ2直接PWM调制策略在生成适用于太阳能供电农村逆变器的高质量正弦波形方面的有效性如何?
  • RQ3将柴油发电机(DG)作为备用电源集成,如何提升太阳能供电间歇性导致的农村电力系统的可靠性?
  • RQ4在负载和输入条件变化的情况下,基于FPGA的SPWM系统能否实现精确且稳定的波形生成?
  • RQ5在低成本Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA板上实现该系统时,其性能表现如何?

主要发现

  • 基于FPGA的SPWM系统成功生成了高质量正弦波形,谐波失真极小,适用于住宅用途。
  • 直接PWM调制策略实现了无需更改硬件即可通过软件实时控制电压、频率和PWM脉冲数。
  • 该系统成功在Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA上综合与实现,证实了硬件可行性。
  • 综合后仿真与原型测试验证了生成的SPWM波形的正确性与稳定性。
  • 将柴油发电机(DG)作为备用电源,确保了在太阳能供应间歇或电网故障时的不间断供电。
  • 使用VHDL实现了可重构、可扩展且易于维护的逆变器控制系统,非常适合农村部署。

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