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[论文解读] Functional Degradation and Self-enhanced Elastocaloric Cooling Performance of NiTi Tubes under Cyclic Compression

Dingshan Liang, Peng Hua|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 23, 2021
Shape Memory Alloy Transformations参考文献 52被引用 4
一句话总结

本研究揭示,在循环压缩下,纳米晶NiTi管的功能退化反而增强了其弹性卡诺制冷性能。由相变诱发的位错和位错钉扎马氏体导致的残余应变累积,减少了滞后回线面积(D)和正向相变应力,从而通过降低D使材料性能系数(COPmater)自增强40–104%,主要归因于D的减小。

ABSTRACT

Superelastic NiTi tubes are promising candidates for eco-friendly elastocaloric cooling, but their cyclic stability suffers severely from functional degradation. Herein, we investigate the functional degradation of nanocrystalline NiTi tubes via in-depth analysis and find out that it is beneficial to elastocaloric cooling performance. The results show that the functional degradation accompanies with progressive accumulation of residual strain and significant reduction in both hysteresis loop area (D) and forward transformation stress. The accumulation of residual strain arises from phase-transition-induced dislocations and dislocation-pinned residual martensite. The former separates the original austenite grains to much smaller nanodomains (equivalent to grain size effect) and contributes to the strain hardening during phase transition, leading to the significant reduction of D. The latter induces compressive residual stress in the austenite phase and thus gives rise to the evolutive reduction of forward transformation stress. Consequently, the material coefficient of performance (COPmater) was self-enhanced for 40~104 %. The beneficial effect is mainly because of the cyclically-decreased D. The study might provide a processing route to tailor COPmater and stabilize the mechanical response of NiTi by cyclic compression.

研究动机与目标

  • 研究超弹性纳米晶NiTi管在循环压缩下的功能退化机制。
  • 确定残余应变和微观结构演化对弹性卡诺性能的影响。
  • 评估是否可利用功能退化来提升形状记忆合金基冷却系统的制冷效率。
  • 探索循环压缩作为稳定机械响应并改善NiTi管COPmater的加工路径的潜力。

提出的方法

  • 对经反复循环压缩测试后的NiTi管进行深入的微观结构与力学分析。
  • 利用原位X射线衍射和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)追踪相变行为和残余应变累积。
  • 量化循环过程中滞后回线面积(D)和正向相变应力的演化。
  • 将微观结构特征(如纳米畴和位错密度)与力学及热力学响应相关联。
  • 计算材料性能系数(COPmater)以评估制冷性能的提升。
  • 通过X射线衍射分析残余应力状态,并建模其对相变应力的影响。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1循环压缩如何在纳米晶NiTi管中引发功能退化?
  • RQ2哪些微观结构变化导致了滞后回线面积(D)和正向相变应力的显著降低?
  • RQ3功能退化在多大程度上提升了弹性卡诺制冷中的材料性能系数(COPmater)?
  • RQ4能否利用相变引起的残余应变累积来增强弹性卡诺制冷性能?
  • RQ5位错钉扎马氏体和晶粒细化在COPmater的自增强过程中起什么作用?

主要发现

  • 由于相变诱发的位错和位错钉扎马氏体,残余应变随循环压缩逐步累积。
  • 由于纳米畴形成引起的应变硬化,滞后回线面积(D)显著减小,其行为类似于晶粒尺寸效应。
  • 由于位错钉扎马氏体在奥氏体相中诱发的残余压应力,正向相变应力随循环次数减少。
  • 由于循环中D的减小,材料性能系数(COPmater)提高了40–104%,表明制冷性能自增强。
  • COPmater的有益影响主要归因于滞后损失的减少,而非相变熵或温度范围的变化。
  • 循环压缩可作为加工路径,用于调控COPmater并稳定NiTi管的机械响应。

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