Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] Hybrid Offline-Online Design for UAV-Enabled Data Harvesting in Probabilistic LoS Channel

Changsheng You, Rui Zhang|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 14, 2019
UAV Applications and Optimization参考文献 34被引用 5
一句话总结

本文提出了一种用于城市环境中具有概率视 Line-of-Sight(LoS)信道的无人机(UAV)数据采集的混合离线-在线优化框架。通过结合LoS概率的统计知识与实时信道状态信息(CSI),该方法联合优化三维UAV轨迹与SN传输调度,以最大化最小数据采集速率,在存在遮挡效应的城市场景中显著优于基准方案。

ABSTRACT

This paper considers an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless sensor network (WSN) in urban areas, where a UAV is deployed to collect data from distributed sensor nodes (SNs) within a given duration. To characterize the occasional building blockage between the UAV and SNs, we construct the probabilistic line-of-sight (LoS) channel model for a Manhattan-type city by using the combined simulation and data regression method, which is shown in the form of a generalized logistic function of the UAV-SN elevation angle. We assume that only the knowledge of SNs' locations and the probabilistic LoS channel model is known a priori, while the UAV can obtain the instantaneous LoS/Non-LoS channel state information (CSI) with the SNs in real time along its flight. Our objective is to maximize the minimum (average) data collection rate from all the SNs for the UAV. To this end, we formulate a new rate maximization problem by jointly optimizing the UAV three-dimensional (3D) trajectory and transmission scheduling of SNs. Although the optimal solution is intractable due to the lack of the complete UAV-SNs CSI, we propose in this paper a novel and general design method, called hybrid offline-online optimization, to obtain a suboptimal solution to it, by leveraging both the statistical and real-time CSI. Essentially, our proposed method decouples the joint design of UAV trajectory and communication scheduling into two phases: namely, an offline phase that determines the UAV path prior to its flight based on the probabilistic LoS channel model, followed by an online phase that adaptively adjusts the UAV flying speeds along the offline optimized path as well as communication scheduling based on the instantaneous UAV-SNs CSI and SNs' individual amounts of data received accumulatively.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决由于建筑物遮挡导致的城市UAV-WSNs中不可靠LoS链路的挑战。
  • 克服在具有随机阴影效应的密集城市环境中,传统确定性LoS模型失效的局限性。
  • 在部分CSI的实际约束下,最大化所有传感器节点的最小数据采集速率。
  • 设计一种实用的UAV飞行与通信策略,同时利用长期统计信道知识与实时瞬时CSI。
  • 开发一种可扩展的优化框架,在动态城市环境中平衡计算复杂度与性能。

提出的方法

  • 基于城市数据的仿真与回归分析,使用UAV-SN仰角的广义逻辑函数构建概率LoS信道模型。
  • 将联合优化问题分解为两个阶段:利用统计LoS概率进行离线设计,利用实时LoS/NLoS状态反馈进行在线自适应。
  • 在离线阶段,基于概率LoS模型优化三维UAV轨迹与SN传输调度。
  • 在在线阶段,根据实时CSI与各SN累积数据,自适应调整UAV速度与SN调度。
  • 采用连续凸逼近(SCA)方法处理非凸速率最大化问题,通过泰勒展开推导出关键的凸下界。
  • 使用代理函数近似速率表达式,实现具有收敛性保证的迭代凸优化。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在具有随机遮挡的城市环境中,如何在部分CSI条件下联合优化UAV轨迹与通信调度?
  • RQ2在概率LoS信道中,混合离线-在线设计相较于纯离线或纯在线方法的性能增益如何?
  • RQ3基于仰角的概率LoS模型如何提升城市环境中UAV-地面信道表征的准确性?
  • RQ4当与统计轨迹规划结合时,实时CSI自适应在多大程度上提升了数据采集速率?
  • RQ5所提方法是否能在具有不同建筑密度的多样化城市布局中实现鲁棒性能?

主要发现

  • 所提出的混合离线-在线设计在性能上显著优于基准方案,包括纯离线与纯在线方法。
  • 基于仰角的概率LoS模型准确捕捉了城市信道动态特性,优于确定性LoS假设。
  • 在线自适应阶段有效缓解了飞行过程中意外LoS/NLoS切换导致的速率下降。
  • 基于SCA的算法收敛稳定,提供具有高度实际可行性的次优解。
  • 仿真结果表明,该混合方法在高遮挡概率下仍能保持高数据采集速率,尤其在动态调整UAV高度与水平位置时表现更优。
  • 该方法在多种城市布局中表现出鲁棒性,对200个随机生成的城市均保持一致的性能提升。

更好的研究,从现在开始

从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。