[论文解读] HyMGP: A Customized MILP-Based Tool for Techno-Economic Planning of Islanded Microgrids

Andres Intriago, Rongxing Hu+10 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 15, 2026

Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems被引用 0

一句话总结

tldr: HyMGP 是一个基于 MILP 的定制化岛屿微网 techno-economic 规划工具，与 HOMER Pro 进行基准比较，并展示风能与 Li-ion BESS 如何在沙特沙漠独立微网中降低 NPC。同时分析电池自驾权限效应并比较铅酸与 Li-ion 储能。

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a customized microgrid planning algorithm and tool, HyMGP, for remote sites in arid regions, which is formulated as a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. HyMGP is compared with HOMER Pro to evaluate its performance in optimizing the sizing of microgrid components, including photovoltaic panels (PVs), vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs), and battery energy storage systems (BESS), for remote and off-grid applications. The study focuses on a standalone microgrid in the Saudi Arabia, considering high solar irradiance, limited wind availability, and a constant load profile composed of continuous cathodic protection and daytime cooling. In the simulation environment, comparisons with HOMER solutions demonstrate the advantages of HyMGP, which provides optimal and more flexible solutions by allowing user-defined component specifications and strictly enforcing all constraints. Further analysis shows that incorporating wind turbines reduces the Net Present Cost (NPC) by decreasing the required PV and battery capacities. Increasing battery autonomy leads to a higher NPC in both PV-only and hybrid systems due to the need for larger storage. Finally, lithium iron phosphate (Li-ion LFP) batteries are found to be more cost effective than lead acid, offering lower NPCs due to their longer lifespan, deeper discharge capability, and fewer replacement cycles.

研究动机与目标

• [将 MILP 基于微网规划算法，定制用于偏远沙漠地区。]
• [将 HyMGP 结果与 HOMER Pro 进行比较，展示在约束处理与最优性方面的优势。]
• [评估风能整合与电池自主性对总净现值 (NPC) 的影响。]
• [评估独立微网中 Li-ion LFP 与铅酸 BESS 的成本效益。]

提出的方法

• [将微网规划表述为在 25 年范围内最小化 NPC 的 MILP。]
• [为 PV、WT 与 BESS 的单元数量定义投资与运营成本的决策变量。]
• [纳入 PV、WT、BESS 的运行约束，包括 SOC、充放电和备用需求。]
• [允许受控的未满足负载与未满足备用以在成本与可靠性之间取得平衡。]
• [在 MATLAB 中使用 Gurobi 求解，并在不同情景下与 HOMER Pro 的结果进行比较。]

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 [HyMGP 如何优化组件尺寸（PV、WT、BESS）以最小化岛屿微网的 NPC？]
• RQ2 [在约束执行与最优性方面，HyMGP 相对于 HOMER Pro 的比较优势是什么？]
• RQ3 [风能整合与电池自主性如何影响 NPC 与系统设计？]
• RQ4 [在长期独立微网中，Li-ion LFP 电池是否比铅酸电池更具成本效益？]

主要发现

• [风能整合通过缩减 PV 与 BESS 规模而降低 NPC（三种情景分别降低 18%、28%、23%）。]
• [允许少量未满足负载（0.05%）使 PV-only 场景 NPC 降低 5.4%，PV+WT 场景降低 10.8%。]
• [HyMGP 能在严格满足约束的前提下给出解，并且在可比未满足负载水平下，PV+WT 情况下的 NPC 可能比 HOMER 低至 10%。]
• [Li-ion LFP 电池相较铅酸更具成本效益，在零未满足负载时，PV 场景 NPC 降低 5.54%（PV）和 7.48%（PV+WT），随着未满足负载容许度的增加而增加。]
• [增加电池自主性会缩小 PV-only 与混合系统之间的成本差异，因为储能占主导。]
• [引入风能可减少所需的可再生容量与储能，从而改善整体经济性。]