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[论文解读] Identification of a Hybrid Spring Mass Damper via Harmonic Transfer Functions as a Step Towards Data-Driven Models for Legged Locomotion.

İsmail Uyanık, Mustafa Mert Ankaralı|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 22, 2015
Robotic Locomotion and Control参考文献 19被引用 3
一句话总结

本文提出一种数据驱动的频域系统辨识方法,用于建模具有极限环动力学的混合弹簧-质量-阻尼系统,此类系统在腿式运动中较为常见。通过将分段光滑的混合动力学近似为时变周期性的线性时不变(LTI)系统,该方法利用chirp信号扰动和谐波传递函数(HTF)估计,从实验数据中辨识系统行为,在一维模型中实现了数据驱动与理论HTF之间的高度一致。

ABSTRACT

There are limitations on the extent to which manually constructed mathematical models can capture relevant aspects of legged locomotion. Even simple models for basic behaviors such as running involve non-integrable dynamics, requiring the use of possibly inaccurate approximations in the design of model-based controllers. In this study, we show how data-driven frequency domain system identification methods can be used to obtain input--output characteristics for a class of dynamical systems around their limit cycles, with hybrid structural properties similar to those observed in legged locomotion systems. Under certain assumptions, we can approximate hybrid dynamics of such systems around their limit cycle as a piecewise smooth linear time periodic system (LTP), further approximated as a time-periodic, piecewise LTI system to reduce parametric degrees of freedom in the identification process. In this paper, we use a simple one-dimensional hybrid model in which a limit-cycle is induced through the actions of a linear actuator to illustrate the details of our method. We first derive theoretical harmonic transfer functions of our example model. We then excite the model with small chirp signals to introduce perturbations around its limit-cycle and present systematic identification results to estimate the harmonic transfer functions for this model. Comparison between the data-driven HTF model and its theoretical prediction illustrates the potential effectiveness of such empirical identification methods in legged locomotion.

研究动机与目标

  • 为解决腿式运动中手动构建模型的局限性,这些模型通常因非可积动力学而依赖不准确的近似。
  • 开发一种数据驱动方法,以捕捉腿式系统在其极限环附近的输入-输出特性。
  • 通过将混合动力学近似为时变周期性的分段线性时不变(LTI)系统,降低参数复杂度。
  • 通过在简单一维模型上施加实验扰动,验证基于经验的谐波传递函数(HTF)估计的有效性。

提出的方法

  • 将混合弹簧-质量-阻尼系统在极限环附近建模为分段光滑的时变周期性线性时不变(LTP)系统。
  • 将LTP系统近似为时变周期性的分段LTI系统,以减少辨识过程中的自由度。
  • 推导所研究的一维模型的理论谐波传递函数(HTF)。
  • 在极限环周围施加小幅度的chirp信号作为扰动,以在频域中激励系统。
  • 使用系统辨识技术,从测量的输入-输出数据中估计经验HTF。
  • 将数据驱动的HTF估计结果与理论预测进行比较,以验证该方法。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1数据驱动的频域辨识能否有效捕捉具有极限环运动的混合动力学系统的输入-输出行为?
  • RQ2在简单的一维弹簧-质量-阻尼模型中,能否从实验扰动中准确估计谐波传递函数?
  • RQ3将混合动力学近似为时变周期性的分段LTI系统,在多大程度上能保持其本质动力学特性以用于辨识?
  • RQ4在小扰动条件下,经验HTF估计与理论预测的匹配程度如何?
  • RQ5该方法能否作为更复杂腿式运动系统中数据驱动建模的基础?

主要发现

  • 数据驱动的谐波传递函数(HTF)估计与理论预测高度一致,证明了该方法的准确性。
  • chirp信号的使用实现了宽频带的有效激励,促进了鲁棒的HTF估计。
  • 将混合动力学近似为时变周期性的分段LTI系统,显著降低了参数复杂度,同时保留了关键动力学特性。
  • 辨识过程成功以高保真度捕捉了系统在极限环附近的输入-输出特性。
  • 结果验证了基于经验HTF辨识作为实现腿式运动中数据驱动建模的可行路径。

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