[论文解读] Impact of Land Use on the DOM Composition in Different Seasons in a Subtropical River Flowing through the Region Undergoing Rapid Urbanization
本研究探讨了土地利用和季节变化对亚热带东江河流域溶解性有机质(DOM)组成的影响。通过荧光 excitation-emission matrices(EEMs)和平行因子分析(PARAFAC),研究发现:森林流域富集了腐殖质样DOM(C1,C2),而城市化区域则增加了蛋白质样DOM(C4);自然流域的季节变化更为显著,而城市化区域的模式则被破坏。
The dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition in river ecosystems could reflect the human impacts on the river ecosystem, and plays an important role in the carbon cycling process. We collected water and phytoplankton samples at 107 sites in the Dongjiang River in two seasons to assess the impact of the sub-catchments land use structure on the DOM composition. The results showed that (1) the forested sub-catchments had higher humic-like C1 (16.45%) and C2 (25.04%) and lower protein-like C3 (22.57%) and C4 (35.95%) than urbanized and mixed forest-agriculture sub-catchments, while the urbanized sub-catchments showed an inverse trend (4.54%, 15.51%, 33.97% and 45.98%, respectively). (2) The significant variation in the proportion of C1 and C4 between the dry and rainy seasons was recorded in both the forested and the mixed forest-agriculture sub-catchments (p<0.01), but only C4 showed an obvious seasonal variation in the urbanized sub-catchments (p<0.01). While the DOM composition was mainly related to the proportion of urbanized land and forested land year-round (p<0.01), it had stronger correlation with forested land in the dry season and urbanized land in the rainy season. (3) No significant correlation between the DOM composition and the agricultural land proportion was found in either season (p>0.05). Our findings indicated that the DOM composition was strongly dependent on the land use structure of the sub-catchments and varied seasonally, but the seasonal variation pattern could be disturbed by human activities in the extensively urbanized catchments. Notably, the higher C4 proportion compared with those in temperate rivers implied a larger amount of CO2 released from the subtropical rivers into the atmosphere when considering bioavailability.
研究动机与目标
- 评估次级流域土地利用结构对亚热带河流中溶解性有机质(DOM)组成的影响。
- 评估不同土地利用类型(森林、城市化、林农混合)中DOM组成的季节性变化。
- 确定城市化、森林和农业土地比例在旱季和雨季对DOM组成的影响程度。
- 探究城市化流域中人类活动是否改变了DOM组成中的自然季节性模式。
提出的方法
- 在东江河流域的107个采样点,于旱季和雨季采集水样和浮游植物样品。
- 使用荧光激发-发射矩阵(EEMs)表征DOM组成。
- 应用平行因子分析(PARAFAC)解析出五个荧光组分(C1–C5),其中C1和C2代表腐殖质样物质,C3和C4代表蛋白质样物质。
- 利用基于GIS的空间分析方法量化次级流域内的土地利用比例(城市化、森林、农业)。
- 进行统计分析(p < 0.01),评估土地利用比例与DOM组分比例之间的相关性。
- 使用重复测量方差分析(repeated-measures ANOVA)比较不同土地利用类型在季节间的DOM组成差异。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1土地利用结构(森林、城市化、林农混合)如何影响东江河流域腐殖质样和蛋白质样DOM组分的比例?
- RQ2旱季和雨季条件下,不同土地利用类型的流域中DOM组成如何变化?
- RQ3城市化、森林和农业土地在不同季节对DOM组成变异的相对贡献是什么?
- RQ4城市化流域中的人类活动在多大程度上破坏了DOM组成中的自然季节性模式?
主要发现
- 森林次级流域中,腐殖质样组分C1(16.45%)和C2(25.04%)显著更高,而蛋白质样组分C3(22.57%)和C4(35.95%)显著更低,相较于城市化和混合流域。
- 城市化次级流域表现出相反趋势:C1(4.54%)和C2(15.51%)降低,而C3(33.97%)和C4(45.98%)升高。
- 在森林和林农混合流域中,C1和C4的比例存在显著季节差异(p < 0.01),而在城市化流域中仅C4表现出显著季节变化。
- DOM组成在旱季与森林土地比例显著相关,而在雨季与城市化土地比例显著相关(p < 0.01),表明主导驱动因素存在季节性转变。
- 在任一季节中,农业土地比例与DOM组成之间均无显著相关性(p > 0.05)。
- 亚热带河流中C4比例较高,表明其DOM生物可利用性更高,可能具有更大的CO2释放潜力。
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