[论文解读] Integrated Sensing and Communications: Recent Advances and Ten Open Challenges

Shihang Lu, Fan Liu+12 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Apr 29, 2023

Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques被引用 8

一句话总结

本论文对集成感知与通信（ISAC）进行了全面综述，涵盖理论基础、物理层设计、网络与应用，并提出未来研究的十个开放挑战。

ABSTRACT

It is anticipated that integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) would be one of the key enablers of next-generation wireless networks (such as beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G) for supporting a variety of emerging applications. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the recent advances in ISAC systems, with a particular focus on their foundations, system design, networking aspects and ISAC applications. Furthermore, we discuss the corresponding open questions of the above that emerged in each issue. Hence, we commence with the information theory of sensing and communications (S$\&$C), followed by the information-theoretic limits of ISAC systems by shedding light on the fundamental performance metrics. Next, we discuss their clock synchronization and phase offset problems, the associated Pareto-optimal signaling strategies, as well as the associated super-resolution ISAC system design. Moreover, we envision that ISAC ushers in a paradigm shift for the future cellular networks relying on network sensing, transforming the classic cellular architecture, cross-layer resource management methods, and transmission protocols. In ISAC applications, we further highlight the security and privacy issues of wireless sensing. Finally, we close by studying the recent advances in a representative ISAC use case, namely the multi-object multi-task (MOMT) recognition problem using wireless signals.

研究动机与目标

• 对ISAC系统（S&C）的信息理论极限与性能指标进行综述。
• 分析ISAC中的时钟同步、相位偏移问题，以及Pareto最优信号设计。
• 讨论适用于感知与通信需求的ISAC网络架构、资源管理与跨层设计。
• 审视无线感知中的安全、隐私和MOMT（多对象多任务）识别。
• 强调具有代表性的ISAC应用并勾勒未来研究方向与未解问题。

提出的方法

• 回顾ISAC的信息理论度量，包括互信息（MI）、Kullback–Leibler散度（KLD）与Cramér–Rao界（CRB）。
• 提出Pareto界框架以刻画S&C权衡及集成/协调增益。
• 从感知数据推导信道估计与用于感知辅助与通信辅助的信号设计。
• 给出ISAC场景的分类（单天线对/多基地等分布式）并将未解问题映射到这些场景。
• 总结近期进展并编制十个开放挑战及潜在方向与解决方案。

Figure 1: The topology of monostatic/bistatic deployments and single-cell/cooperative scenarios.

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 ISAC系统的信息理论极限是什么，如何在Pareto前沿上表征？
• RQ2 ISAC系统中能从感知数据推断出多少信道信息？
• RQ3 如何量化和优化ISAC中的集成与协调增益？
• RQ4 ISAC部署中时钟同步与相位偏移面临哪些挑战？
• RQ5 未来感知就绪网络的潜在蜂窝架构与跨层协议设计如何？
• RQ6 ISAC应用中如何实现安全、隐私与MOMT识别？

主要发现

• 论文确定了一组信息理论度量（MI、KLD、CRB）来评估ISAC，并讨论了它们之间的关系。
• 它概述了一个带权MI框架，以追踪S&C权衡并存在Pareto最优边界。
• 它强调时钟同步与相位偏移精度对高分辨率感知的重要性，并提出解决方向。
• 它主张重塑蜂窝架构，使跨小区信号可被用于感知而非被视为干扰。
• 论文讨论安全/隐私与MOMT识别作为关键ISAC驱动应用，并将其设为开放研究方向。

Figure 2: Structure of this paper and the relevant ISAC scenarios.