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[论文解读] Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Secure Wireless Communications with Multiple-Transmit and Multiple-Receive Antennas

Weiheng Jiang, Yu Zhang|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 24, 2020
Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies参考文献 39被引用 6
一句话总结

该论文提出了一种智能反射面(IRS)辅助的、采用多天线接入点(AP)和合法用户的保密MIMO无线通信系统,联合优化AP的发射协方差矩阵与IRS的相位偏移,以最大化保密速率。针对连续和离散的IRS相位偏移,提出了一种基于交替优化(AO)的算法,结合连续凸逼近(SCA),实现了接近最优的保密速率,且对单个反射系数给出了闭式解,并在8级量化下性能损失极小(≤0.02 bit/s/Hz)。

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we propose intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) assisted secure wireless communications with multi-input and multi-output antennas (IRS-MIMOME). The considered scenario is an access point (AP) equipped with multiple antennas communicates with a multi-antenna enabled legitimate user in the downlink at the present of an eavesdropper configured with multiple antennas. Particularly, the joint optimization of the transmit covariance matrix at the AP and the reflecting coefficients at the IRS to maximize the secrecy rate for the IRS-MIMOME system is investigated, with two different assumptions on the phase shifting capabilities at the IRS, i.e., the IRS has the continuous reflecting coefficients and the IRS has the discrete reflecting coefficients. For the former case, due to the non-convexity of the formulated problem, an alternating optimization (AO)-based algorithm is proposed, i.e., for given the reflecting coefficients at the IRS, the successive convex approximation (SCA)-based algorithm is used to solve the transmit covariance matrix optimization, while given the transmit covariance matrix at the AP, alternative optimization is used again in individually optimizing of each reflecting coefficient at the IRS with other fixed reflecting coefficients. For the individual reflecting coefficient optimization, the close-form or an interval of the optimal solution is provided. Then, the proposed algorithm is extended to the discrete reflecting coefficient model at the IRS. Finally, some numerical simulations have been done to demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other benchmark schemes.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过使用多天线AP和用户的智能反射面(IRS),提升MIMO无线系统的物理层安全性。
  • 解决在保密速率约束下,同时优化AP端发射波束成形与IRS端被动波束成形的挑战。
  • 设计一种联合优化框架,以在连续与离散IRS相位偏移模型下最大化保密速率。
  • 评估实际离散相位偏移带来的性能退化,并确定实现最小性能损失所需的足够量化级别。

提出的方法

  • 针对具有多天线AP、合法用户和窃听者的IRS辅助MIMO窃听信道,建立非凸保密速率最大化问题。
  • 采用交替优化(AO)方法,迭代优化发射协方差矩阵与IRS反射系数。
  • 利用连续凸逼近(SCA)求解固定IRS系数下的发射波束成形子问题。
  • 在连续与离散相位偏移假设下,推导出单个IRS反射系数的闭式最优解。
  • 通过量化相位搜索策略将算法扩展至离散相位偏移模型,并提供理论收敛性保证。
  • 通过数值仿真验证方法,与多种基准方案在不同系统配置下进行性能比较。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在具有多天线AP和合法用户的IRS辅助MIMO窃听信道中,如何最大化保密速率?
  • RQ2在连续相位偏移约束下,AP端发射波束成形与IRS端被动波束成形的最优联合设计是什么?
  • RQ3在离散相位偏移约束下,系统性能如何退化?维持接近最优保密速率所需的最小量化位数是多少?
  • RQ4在不同信道条件下,能否为单个IRS反射系数推导出闭式解?
  • RQ5在实际IRS系统中,连续与离散IRS相位偏移之间的性能差距如何?

主要发现

  • 所提出的AO-SCA算法在数值评估中实现了接近最优的保密速率,优于基准方案。
  • 对于离散相位偏移,8位量化下的性能损失小于0.02 bit/s/Hz,即使在高功率(2W)和超过20个IRS单元的情况下也成立。
  • 在连续与离散相位偏移模型下,均推导出单个IRS反射系数的闭式最优解。
  • 该算法收敛高效,在所提出的交替优化框架下具有理论收敛性保证。
  • 通过智能重构无线传播环境,IRS使系统实现了显著的保密速率增益。
  • 结果表明,采用离散相位偏移的IRS可极为接近连续相位偏移系统性能,具备实际部署的可行性。

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