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[论文解读] Intertwined Charge and Spin Density Waves in Trilayer Nickelate La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$ Revealed by $^{139}$La NQR

Jie Dou, Feiyu Li|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 25, 2026
Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography被引用 0
一句话总结

该论文在 La4Ni3O10 上使用 139La NQR,揭示在 T_DW ≈ 133 K 附近出现互相纠缠的非整数量级的电荷和自旋密度波,转变呈现一阶样特征,且存在强自旋涨落。

ABSTRACT

The discovery of superconducting transitions in pressurized La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_{7}$ and La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$ has highlighted the pivotal role of density wave (DW) orders in nickelate superconductors. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the superconducting state, it is essential to elucidate the nature of the DW order. In this study, we utilized $^{139}$La nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) to investigate the charge density wave (CDW) and spin density wave (SDW) orders in both single-crystal and polycrystalline La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$. Near $T_{ m{DW}} \approx 133$ K, an abrupt change in both the linewidth and frequency of the La(2) site in the single-crystal sample provides compelling evidence for a first-order-like phase transition. The pronounced broadening of the NQR lines indicates the incommensurate nature of the DW order. Furthermore, the spin-lattice relaxation rate divided by temperature 1/$T_1$$T$ exhibits a strong enhancement at $T_{ m{DW}}$, indicating the strong spin fluctuations above the first-order DW transition. These observations suggest an intricate interplay between incommensurate CDW and SDW orders. Our findings offer critical insights into the microscopic mechanisms of the DW state in La$_4$Ni$_3$O$_{10}$ and establish an essential framework for exploring the interplay between DW and superconducting phases in nickelate superconductors.

研究动机与目标

  • 在环境压力下阐明 La4Ni3O10 中密度波序的本质。
  • 区分电荷密度波(CDW)与自旋密度波(SDW)贡献及它们在密度波态中的相互作用。
  • 表征转变的阶次以及样品质量对观测到的 DW 行为的作用。
  • 提供与镍酸盐超导相关的 DW 状态的微观洞见。

提出的方法

  • 在环境压力下对多晶和单晶 La4Ni3O10 进行 139La NQR 测量。
  • 在跨越 T_DW 的温度范围内监测谱线宽度、共振频率及其温度依赖性。
  • 测量自旋-晶格弛豫速率 1/T1 及其随温度的依赖性以评估自旋涨落。
  • 用内部场对 CDW 和 SDW 的贡献来建模 NQR 线移位和展宽。
  • 比较 La(2) 位点信号(外层 NiO2 平面)以推断 SDW/CDW 特征及磁矩取向。
Figure 1: (a) Crystal structure of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 . Light green atoms denote La(2) atoms, while dark green atoms denote La(1) atoms. (b-c) The 139 La NQR spectra of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 single-crystal (b) and polycrystalline (c) samples in the normal state and the DW state, respectively. The yellow and bl
Figure 1: (a) Crystal structure of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 . Light green atoms denote La(2) atoms, while dark green atoms denote La(1) atoms. (b-c) The 139 La NQR spectra of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 single-crystal (b) and polycrystalline (c) samples in the normal state and the DW state, respectively. The yellow and bl

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在环境压力下 La4Ni3O10 的密度波序的性质是整数量级还是非整数量级?
  • RQ2在 T_DW ~133 K 处,电荷密度波(CDW)与自旋密度波(SDW)是否共存及它们之间的相互作用如何?
  • RQ3DW 转变是类似一阶还是二阶?样品质量如何影响它?
  • RQ4La 位点的内部磁场的取向和大小如何,这对 Ni 磁矩有何意味着?

主要发现

  • 在约 133 K 的 T_DW 以下,单晶 La(2) NQR 线展宽并发生突然移位,指示类似一阶的 DW 转变。
  • 线的展宽且没有分裂表明存在非整数量级的 DW 序,可能具有二维性质。
  • 1/T1T 在 T_DW 处显著增强,表明转变前存在强自旋涨落。
  • 模拟结果显示 La(2) 的内部场约为 210 mT,CDW 展宽 ~0.3 MHz 能再现观测到的谱线,暗示 CDW 与 SDW 交织。
  • 与 SDW 相关的涨落似乎源自外层 NiO2 平面,Ni 磁矩可能沿着或垂直于 c 轴取向,数据支持外层 Ni 磁矩沿 c 轴取向的情形。
Figure 2: The temperature-dependent 139 La(2) NQR spectra of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 single-crystal (a) and polycrystal (b) samples. The yellow and blue peaks represent the ±5/2 $\leftrightarrow$ ±7/2 transition lines of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 before and after the DW transition, respectively. The solid lines represe
Figure 2: The temperature-dependent 139 La(2) NQR spectra of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 single-crystal (a) and polycrystal (b) samples. The yellow and blue peaks represent the ±5/2 $\leftrightarrow$ ±7/2 transition lines of La 4 Ni 3 O 10 before and after the DW transition, respectively. The solid lines represe

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