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[论文解读] LHC Dark Matter Working Group: Next-generation spin-0 dark matter models

Tomohiro Abe, Y. Afik|arXiv (Cornell University)|Oct 22, 2018
Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies参考文献 143被引用 14
一句话总结

本文提出2HDM+a模型作为理论一致的下一代自旋-0暗物质框架,该模型在简化赝标量暗物质模型基础上,通过一个规范不变、可重整化的双希格斯双重模型外加一个额外的赝标量媒介子进行扩展。该模型展示了在多个LHC信号中的丰富单态衰变现象学,并提供了基准扫描以检验该模型在LHC、直接探测、间接探测及遗迹密度约束下的表现,表明LHC已能探测到暗物质质量接近 $ m_\chi \simeq M_a/2 $ 的区域,此时可自然实现正确的遗迹密度。

ABSTRACT

Dark matter (DM) simplified models are by now commonly used by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations to interpret searches for missing transverse energy ($E_T^\mathrm{miss}$). The coherent use of these models sharpened the LHC DM search program, especially in the presentation of its results and their comparison to DM direct-detection (DD) and indirect-detection (ID) experiments. However, the community has been aware of the limitations of the DM simplified models, in particular the lack of theoretical consistency of some of them and their restricted phenomenology leading to the relevance of only a small subset of $E_T^\mathrm{miss}$ signatures. This document from the LHC Dark Matter Working Group identifies an example of a next-generation DM model, called $ extrm{2HDM+a}$, that provides the simplest theoretically consistent extension of the DM pseudoscalar simplified model. A comprehensive study of the phenomenology of the $ extrm{2HDM+a}$ model is presented, including a discussion of the rich and intricate pattern of mono-$X$ signatures and the relevance of other DM as well as non-DM experiments. Based on our discussions, a set of recommended scans are proposed to explore the parameter space of the $ extrm{2HDM+a}$ model through LHC searches. The exclusion limits obtained from the proposed scans can be consistently compared to the constraints on the $ extrm{2HDM+a}$ model that derive from DD, ID and the DM relic density.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决现有LHC暗物质简化模型中的理论不一致性和现象学局限性。
  • 提出一种下一代、规范不变且可重整化的简化赝标量暗物质模型扩展。
  • 识别出具有丰富单态衰变信号且能通过LHC、直接/间接探测及遗迹密度实现交叉实验约束的模型。
  • 为LHC搜索提供推荐的参数扫描,以实现与非LHC暗物质约束的一致比较。

提出的方法

  • 2HDM+a模型被构建为一个双希格斯双重模型,其中额外的单态赝标量玻色子负责介导暗物质相互作用。
  • 该模型在5-味方案(5FS)中实现,以实现高效的事件生成,使用MadGraph5_aMC@NLO进行矩阵元计算,PYTHIA 8.2进行部分子喷注。
  • 通过胶子融合和夸克-反夸克融合过程生成单 jets、单 Higgs(b\bar{b})和单 Z(l+l-)信号。
  • 系统评估了来自希格斯物理和味物理、电弱精确测量、真空稳定性以及LHC对额外自旋-0粒子的搜索约束。
  • 基准点的选择基于理论一致性和现象学相关性,特别强调 $ \sin\theta \approx 0.35 $ 以实现最佳灵敏度。
  • 灵敏度估计通过 $ E_T^{\text{miss}} $ 分箱计算,并基于现有LHC限制(例如,来自[160])推导不确定性。
Figure 1 : Range of momenta probed in DD experiments, ID experiments and LHC searches. Prototypes of relevant Feynman diagrams are also shown.
Figure 1 : Range of momenta probed in DD experiments, ID experiments and LHC searches. Prototypes of relevant Feynman diagrams are also shown.

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否构建一个理论一致、可重整化的简化赝标量暗物质模型扩展,以避免现有简化模型的缺陷?
  • RQ22HDM+a模型在单态衰变信号中的现象学丰富程度如何?哪些LHC搜索通道最为敏感?
  • RQ3直接探测、间接探测及观测到的暗物质遗迹密度约束与LHC排除限制在2HDM+a参数空间中的对比如何?
  • RQ4LHC在何种暗物质质量下对能实现正确遗迹密度的模型具有灵敏度?
  • RQ52HDM+a模型中哪些基准参数点最适合未来的LHC搜索及跨实验比较?

主要发现

  • 2HDM+a模型通过规范不变、可重整化的简化赝标量暗物质模型扩展,实现了理论一致性。
  • 该模型展现出丰富的单态衰变信号模式,包括单 jets、单 Higgs(b\bar{b})和单 Z(l+l-),在多个通道中均表现出显著灵敏度。
  • LHC搜索已对暗物质质量高达 $ m_\chi \simeq 125\,\text{GeV} $ 的区域具有灵敏度,对应于 $ m_\chi \simeq M_a/2 $,此时可自然实现正确的遗迹密度。
  • 基准 $ \sin\theta = 0.35 $ 在单 Higgs 搜索中相比 $ \sin\theta = 0.15 $ 或 $ 0.7 $ 具有增强的灵敏度,因此是LHC研究的最优选择。
  • 该模型的参数空间受希格斯物理、味物理、电弱精确测量和真空稳定性约束,对于 $ M_a \sim 200-350\,\text{GeV} $ 存在可行区域。
  • 所提出的基准扫描使得LHC结果能与直接探测、间接探测及观测到的暗物质遗迹密度 $ \Omega h^2 $ 约束实现一致比较。
Figure 2 : Diagrams contributing to the $qb\to q^{\prime}ta$ (upper row) and $gg\to Za$ (lower row) scattering processes. Only the graphs on the left-hand side appear in the DM simplified model with a pseudoscalar, while in the 2HDM+a model in addition the diagrams on the right-hand side are present
Figure 2 : Diagrams contributing to the $qb\to q^{\prime}ta$ (upper row) and $gg\to Za$ (lower row) scattering processes. Only the graphs on the left-hand side appear in the DM simplified model with a pseudoscalar, while in the 2HDM+a model in addition the diagrams on the right-hand side are present

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