[论文解读] Long COVID Prevalence, Disability, and Accommodations: Analysis Across Demographic Groups

Jennifer Cohen, Yana Rodgers|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 3, 2026

Long-Term Effects of COVID-19被引用 0

一句话总结

该论文利用 Household Pulse Survey 分析美国人口群体中的长期新冠（long COVID）流行及其活动受限情况，并通过 Current Population Survey 考察残疾与非残疾工作者在疫情相关远程工作的差异。强调按残疾状况及其他社会人口因素的长期新冠影响及远程工作安置模式的差异。

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This paper examines the prevalence of long COVID across different demographic groups in the U.S. and the extent to which workers with impairments associated with long COVID have engaged in pandemic-related remote work. Methods: We use the U.S. Household Pulse Survey to evaluate the proportion of all adults who self-reported to (1) have had long COVID, and (2) have activity limitations due to long COVID. We also use data from the U.S. Current Population Survey to estimate linear probability regressions for the likelihood of pandemic-related remote work among workers with and without disabilities. Results: Findings indicate that women, Hispanic people, sexual and gender minorities, individuals without four-year college degrees, and people with preexisting disabilities are more likely to have long COVID and to have activity limitations from long COVID. Remote work is a reasonable arrangement for people with such activity limitations and may be an unintentional accommodation for some people who have undisclosed disabilities. However, this study shows that people with disabilities were less likely than people without disabilities to perform pandemic-related remote work. Conclusion: The data suggest this disparity persists because people with disabilities are clustered in jobs that are not amenable to remote work. Employers need to consider other accommodations, especially shorter workdays and flexible scheduling, to hire and retain employees who are struggling with the impacts of long COVID.

研究动机与目标

• 评估美国不同人口群体中长期新冠的患病率。
• 量化长期新冠引起的活动受限情况。
• 评估疫情相关的远程工作在有无残疾的工人之间的差异。
• 识别教育、性别、种族/民族以及残疾状况等因素导致的长期新冠影响差异。
• 提出可能帮助受长期新冠影响的工作的安置措施。

提出的方法

• 使用美国 Household Pulse Survey 估计自报长期新冠及由长期新冠引起的活动受限的成年人比例。
• 使用美国 Current Population Survey 估计在残疾状况条件下疫情相关远程工作的可能性之线性概率模型。
• 按人口特征进行细分，以识别患病率较高且活动受限程度更大的群体。
• 比较有残疾与无残疾工人之间的远程工作采用情况。
• 提出对工作场所安置和政策的启示。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 在美国不同人口群体中，长期新冠的患病率是多少？
• RQ2 在不同人口群体中，长期新冠引起的活动受限的患病率是多少？
• RQ3 疫情相关的远程工作在有残疾与无残疾工人之间有何差异？
• RQ4 与无残疾相比，残疾人士在获得远程工作方面是否存在更少的机会，原因何在？
• RQ5 哪些安置措施可以更好地支持经历长期新冠的工人？

主要发现

• 女性、Hispanic 人群、性别与性取向多样性群体、四年制学位以上人群的以往存在的残疾，以及有既存残疾的人群显示出长期新冠及其引起的活动受限的可能性较高。
• 远程工作似乎是对因长期新冠引起的活动受限的一种合理安置，对某些未披露的残疾也可能无意中起到安置作用。
• 与无残疾人相比，残疾人参与疫情相关的远程工作的概率较低。
• 由于残疾工人集中在不具备远程友好性的工作岗位，远程工作采用的差距仍然存在。
• 研究表明雇主应考虑其他安置措施，如缩短工作日和灵活排班，以招聘和保留受长期新冠影响的员工。