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[论文解读] Mapping the maturation of TCM as an adjuvant to radiotherapy

P. Bilha Githinji, Aikaterini Melliou|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 17, 2026
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Studies被引用 0
一句话总结

论文对69745篇出版物(2000–2025)进行大规模的文献计量和基于NLP的综合分析,以绘制领域地图、识别主题轴线、报告增长周期,并分析摘要中结果的修辞框架。

ABSTRACT

The integration of complementary medicine into oncology represents a paradigm shift that has seen to increasing adoption of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant to radiotherapy. About twenty-five years since the formal institutionalization of integrated oncology, it is opportune to synthesize the trajectory of evidence for TCM as an adjuvant to radiotherapy. Here we conduct a large-scale analysis of 69,745 publications (2000 - 2025), emerging a cyclical evolution defined by coordinated expansion and contraction in publication output, international collaboration, and funding commitments that mirrors a define-ideate-test pattern. Using a theme modeling workflow designed to determine a stable thematic structure of the field, we identify five dominant thematic axes - cancer types, supportive care, clinical endpoints, mechanisms, and methodology - that signal a focus on patient well-being, scientific rigor and mechanistic exploration. Cross-theme integration of TCM is patient-centered and systems-oriented. Together with the emergent cycles of evolution, the thematic structure demonstrates progressive specialization and potential defragmentation of the field or saturation of existing research agenda. The analysis points to a field that has matured its current research agenda and is likely at the cusp of something new. Additionally, the field exhibits positive reporting of findings that is homogeneous across publication types, thematic areas, and the cycles of evolution suggesting a system-wide positive reporting bias agnostic to structural drivers.

研究动机与目标

  • 综合TCM作为放疗辅助在癌症类型、出版类型和时代中的领域。
  • 描述出版产出、协作与资助的时间动态。
  • 识别稳定的主题轴线及主题在文献中的结构性角色。
  • 评估摘要在结果的修辞框架,以及框架在周期和领域之间是否存在偏见或一致性。

提出的方法

  • 建立一个69,745条PubMed来源记录的语料库(2000–2025)。
  • 应用基于嵌入的主题建模的主题提取流程,在多次运行中获得共识主题结构(98.5% 的Jaccard收敛)。
  • 使用集合相似性汇总主题模型输出,以获得稳定主题和更高层级类别。
  • 使用基于LLM的流程从摘要中提取并分类结果相关陈述,并分析修辞框架。
  • 通过精确匹配裁定来验证LLM分类,以确保提取的忠实性(报告精确-召回值)。
Figure 1: Annual publication output
Figure 1: Annual publication output

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1TCM作为放疗辅助的主导主题轴线及其随时间的演变是什么?
  • RQ2在25年内出版产出、协作和资助指标如何循环,并出现哪些时代?
  • RQ3在摘要中是否存在跨出版类型和主题领域的一致积极框架?
  • RQ4哪些主题在领域中作为核心、桥梁或边缘,以及它们的相互连接如何演化?

主要发现

  • 出版产出、协作广度与资助之间出现协同增长的周期性模式。
  • 识别出五个主导主题轴线:癌种、支持性护理、临床结局、机制和方法学。
  • 顶级期刊与作者在主流生物医学领域的能见度不断提升,2021年后中国在出版量上超过美国。
  • 摘要在各个纪元和出版类型中对结果多表现为积极框架,随机对照试验和基础研究的积极框架约为75%。
  • 通过多次主题建模运行的一致性实现了稳定的主题结构,Jaccard收敛率为98.5%。
  • 主题网络随时间呈现日益专业化趋势,核心主题集中于临床结局、不良事件管理和药理机制。
Figure 2: Growth rate of various indicators
Figure 2: Growth rate of various indicators

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