[论文解读] Metric-Affine Gravity and Cosmology/Aspects of Torsion and non-Metricity in Gravity Theories
本博士论文研究 metric-affine gravity,聚焦 torsion 和 non-metricity,并发展求解 affine connection 的方法,探索宇宙学意义,并分析 scale transformations 和 invariances。
This Thesis is devoted to the study of Metric-Affine Theories of Gravity and Applications to Cosmology. The thesis is organized as follows. In the first Chapter we define the various geometrical quantities that characterize a non-Riemannian geometry. In the second Chapter we explore the MAG model building. In Chapter 3 we use a well known procedure to excite torsional degrees of freedom by coupling surface terms to scalars. Then, in Chapter 4 which seems to be the most important Chapter of the thesis, at least with regards to its use in applications, we present a step by step way to solve for the affine connection in non-Riemannian geometries, for the first time in the literature. A peculiar f(R) case is studied in Chapter 5. This is the conformally (as well as projective invariant) invariant theory f(R)=a R^{2} which contains an undetermined scalar degree of freedom. We then turn our attention to Cosmology with torsion and non-metricity (Chapter 6). In Chapter 7, we formulate the necessary setup for the $1+3$ splitting of the generalized spacetime. Having clarified the subtle points (that generally stem from non-metricity) in the aforementioned formulation we carefully derive the generalized Raychaudhuri equation in the presence of both torsion and non-metricity (along with curvature). This, as it stands, is the most general form of the Raychaudhuri equation that exists in the literature. We close this Thesis by considering three possible scale transformations that one can consider in Metric-Affine Geometry.
研究动机与目标
- 引入并动机化广义的非黎曼几何在 metric-affine gravity (MAG) 及其物 理意义。
- 提供系统的方法来确定 MAG 理论的仿射连接,并在真空中将此类理论重现为爱因斯坦引力的情况进行分类。
- 研究 torsion 和 non-metricity 的宇宙学含义,包括修正的 Friedmann 方程和 Raychaudhuri 方程。
- 扩展 MAG 以包含尺度变换并构建在扭转和非度量性下保持不变的二次作用。
提出的方法
- 用坐标和微分形式语言对 MAG 几何与变分形式进行全面回顾。
- 提出一种在 metric-affine f(R) 理论中打破投影不变性的新途径,通过对待扭转和非度量性向量以同等地位。
- 推导一个求解 MAG 仿射连接的一般过程(三条定理),并用显式示例说明。
- 研究 f(R) 引力中的扭转与非度量性之间的对偶性,并在特定 MAG 模型中分析宇宙解。
- 推导在具有扭转和非度量性的空间中的最一般 Raychaudhuri 方程,并将其应用于宇宙学。
- 考察标度变换(共形、投影、框架重新缩放)并构建在这些变换下不变量的二次 MAG 动作。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在一般 Metric-Affine Gravity 理论中如何解出仿射连接?
- RQ2在何种条件下 MAG 理论在真空中归结为爱因斯坦引力或重现熟知的 GR 结果?
- RQ3扭转和非度量性如何修饰宇宙学动力学,如 Friedmann-like 方程和 Raychaudhuri 方程?
- RQ4尺度变换(共形、投影、框架重新缩放)对 MAG 动作的影响及分类有哪些?
- RQ5在具体 MAG 模型中,扭转和非度量性是否可被激发或相互映射(对偶性)?
主要发现
- 对广义几何的详细阐述澄清了扭转和非度量性的作用及示例。
- 开发了一个三条定理框架,能够对选定理论的 MAG 仿射连接进行精准求解。
- 提供了在 MAG 中在真空下产生爱因斯坦引力的理论分类。
- 宇宙学分析给出广义 Friedmann 方程,显示扭转/非度量性对宇宙学的影响,并在特定模型中存在对偶性。
- 推导并应用了具有扭转和非度量性的空间中的广义 Raychaudhuri 方程于宇宙学。
- 对尺度变换进行了分析,并为对称性(共形、投影、框架重新缩放)在二次 MAG 动作中的成立条件给出结论。
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