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[论文解读] Multivariate MR Biomarkers Better Predict Cognitive Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Alzheimers Disease

Alexandra Badea, Natalie A Delpratt|arXiv (Cornell University)|Dec 28, 2018
Alzheimer's disease research and treatments参考文献 87被引用 7
一句话总结

本研究提出一种基于体素形态测量、信号强度和磁敏感性成像的多变量MRI生物标志物方法,用于预测阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中的认知 dysfunctions。通过稀疏典型相关分析整合多种影像特征,该方法在预测空间记忆缺陷方面显著优于单一标志物模型,其中海马连合(fornix)被确定为关键预测网络。

ABSTRACT

To understand multifactorial conditions such as Alzheimers disease (AD) we need brain signatures that predict the impact of multiple pathologies and their interactions. To help uncover the relationships between brain circuits and cognitive markers we have used mouse models that represent, at least in part, the complex interactions altered in AD. In particular, we aimed to understand the relationship between vulnerable brain circuits and memory deficits measured in the Morris water maze, and we tested several predictive modeling approaches. We used in vivo manganese enhanced MRI voxel based analyses to reveal regional differences in volume (morphometry), signal intensity (activity), and magnetic susceptibility (iron deposition, demyelination). These regions included the hippocampus, olfactory areas, entorhinal cortex and cerebellum. The image based properties of these regions were used to predict spatial memory. We next used eigenanatomy, which reduces dimensionality to produce sets of regions that explain the variance in the data. For each imaging marker, eigenanatomy revealed networks underpinning a range of cognitive functions including memory, motor function, and associative learning. Finally, the integration of multivariate markers in a supervised sparse canonical correlation approach outperformed single predictor models and had significant correlates to spatial memory. Among a priori selected regions, the fornix also provided good predictors, raising the possibility of investigating how disease propagation within brain networks leads to cognitive deterioration. Our results support that modeling approaches integrating multivariate imaging markers provide sensitive predictors of AD-like behaviors. Such strategies for mapping brain circuits responsible for behaviors may help in the future predict disease progression, or response to interventions.

研究动机与目标

  • 识别能预测阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型认知 dysfunctions 的多变量MRI生物标志物。
  • 研究形态、活动及铁沉积的区域脑变化如何与记忆缺陷相关。
  • 评估基于特征解剖学(eigenanatomy)的网络层面分析是否能提升认知功能的预测能力。
  • 比较单变量与多变量建模方法在预测空间记忆表现方面的表现。
  • 确定特定脑网络(如海马连合)是否可作为疾病进展的敏感预测因子。

提出的方法

  • 在活体小鼠中进行锰增强MRI(MEMRI),以评估区域脑体积、信号强度(神经元活动)和磁敏感性(铁沉积、脱髓鞘)。
  • 应用体素为基础的分析方法,从关键区域(海马、内嗅皮层、嗅觉区域、小脑和海马连合)提取影像特征。
  • 使用特征解剖学方法降低维度,并识别能解释不同认知功能影像数据变异的潜在网络。
  • 采用监督式稀疏典型相关分析(SCCA)整合多变量影像标志物,以预测空间记忆表现。
  • 以Morris水迷宫任务得分作为认知结局指标,验证模型性能。
  • 比较多变量模型与基于单一影像特征的单变量模型的预测能力。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中,多变量MRI生物标志物是否能比单变量标志物更有效地预测认知 dysfunctions?
  • RQ2通过特征解剖学揭示的哪些脑网络与记忆、运动功能和联想学习密切相关?
  • RQ3形态测量、活动及铁沉积的区域变化如何共同预测空间记忆表现?
  • RQ4海马连合是否在此模型系统中作为认知衰退的敏感预测因子?
  • RQ5整合多模态影像数据在多大程度上提升了预测精度,相较于单模态方法?

主要发现

  • 通过稀疏典型相关分析整合的多变量MRI生物标志物,显著优于单一预测因子模型,在预测空间记忆缺陷方面表现更优。
  • 特征解剖学揭示了与记忆、运动功能和联想学习相关的独立网络,凸显了分布式脑网络的作用。
  • 海马连合被识别为认知 dysfunctions 的强预测因子,提示其在疾病传播通路中的重要性。
  • 形态测量、信号强度和磁敏感性的区域变化共同提供了更敏感、更全面的认知衰退特征。
  • 多模态影像特征的整合显著提升了预测能力,证明了在神经退行性疾病研究中系统级建模的优势。
  • 本研究证实,多变量方法能比单变量方法更有效地捕捉临床前阿尔茨海默病模型中病理之间的复杂相互作用。

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