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[论文解读] MyWear: A Smart Wear for Continuous Body Vital Monitoring and Emergency Alert

Sibi Chakkaravarthy Sethuraman, Pranav Kompally|arXiv (Cornell University)|Oct 17, 2020
Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems被引用 5
一句话总结

MyWear 提出了一种智能可穿戴服装,通过嵌入式传感器和深度神经网络(DNN)实现对心率、压力、肌肉活动和跌倒事件的持续监测,并实现实时异常检测。该系统在分类异常心搏方面平均准确率达 96.9%,精确率达 97.3%;在心肌梗死检测方面准确率达 98.2%,并在危急情况下向医疗人员发送紧急警报。

ABSTRACT

Smart healthcare which is built as healthcare Cyber-Physical System (H-CPS) from Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) is becoming more important than before. Medical devices and their connectivity through Internet with alongwith the electronics health record (EHR) and AI analytics making H-CPS possible. IoMT-end devices like wearables and implantables are key for H-CPS based smart healthcare. Smart garment is a specific wearable which can be used for smart healthcare. There are various smart garments that help users to monitor their body vitals in real-time. Many commercially available garments collect the vital data and transmit it to the mobile application for visualization. However, these don't perform real-time analysis for the user to comprehend their health conditions. Also, such garments are not included with an alert system to alert users and contacts in case of emergency. In MyWear, we propose a wearable body vital monitoring garment that captures physiological data and automatically analyses such heart rate, stress level, muscle activity to detect abnormalities. A copy of the physiological data is transmitted to the cloud for detecting any abnormalities in heart beats and predict any potential heart failure in future. We also propose a deep neural network (DNN) model that automatically classifies abnormal heart beat and potential heart failure. For immediate assistance in such a situation, we propose an alert system that sends an alert message to nearby medical officials. The proposed MyWear has an average accuracy of 96.9% and precision of 97.3% for detection of the abnormalities.

研究动机与目标

  • 开发一种基于智能可穿戴服装的连续、实时体征监测系统,以提升个人健康管理。
  • 解决现有商用可穿戴设备中缺乏实时健康分析与紧急警报机制的问题。
  • 通过深度学习集成,实现对心脏异常和跌倒事件的自动检测,以增强患者安全。
  • 通过基于云的电子健康记录(EHR)集成与人工智能分析,实现远程监测与心力衰竭的早期预测。
  • 通过实时肌肉活动与运动追踪,改善运动员和患者康复效果。

提出的方法

  • 将多传感器阵列(心电图 ECG、肌电图 EMG、加速度计)嵌入纺织基可穿戴服装中,实现连续生理数据采集。
  • 采用在 ECG 和 EMG 数据上训练的深度神经网络(DNN)模型,用于分类异常心搏并预测潜在心力衰竭。
  • 使用时域和基于 Poincaré 图的 HRV 指标(如 RMSSD、SDNN、pNNxx)进行压力与心脏健康评估。
  • 应用跌倒检测算法,当加速度下降至 1g 以下并迅速上升至 +1g 以上时触发警报。
  • 将原始与处理后的生理数据传输至云端,用于长期 EHR 存储与后续分析。
  • 集成移动应用程序,实现实时心电图、心率、体温、HRV 评分及肌肉活动映射的可视化。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1智能可穿戴服装如何实现对心率、压力、肌肉活动和跌倒事件等多参数的连续、实时监测?
  • RQ2何种深度学习架构可在可穿戴环境下准确分类异常心搏并从 ECG 和 EMG 信号中预测心肌梗死?
  • RQ3与现有方法相比,该系统在跌倒检测方面是否具备高灵敏度与特异性?
  • RQ4生理数据中的实时异常检测能否提升医疗领域的早期干预与应急响应效率?
  • RQ5与现有最先进方法相比,DNN 模型在分类心脏异常方面的性能如何?

主要发现

  • DNN 模型在分类异常心搏方面实现了 96.9% 的平均准确率和 97.3% 的精确率,优于现有模型如 DCST+ABC-SVM(96.1%)和 H-Box(95%)。
  • 该系统在心肌梗死检测方面准确率达 98.2%,超过先前方法如 Acharya 等人(93.5%)和 Kojuri 等人(95.6%)。
  • 跌倒检测准确率达 98.5%,灵敏度 98%,特异性 99.5%,优于 Mezghani 等人(98% 准确率)和 Hemalatha 等人(92% 准确率)。
  • 混淆矩阵证实模型具有高可靠性,心搏分类中假阳性和假阴性均极少。
  • Poincaré 图分析显示显著的 HRV 变异性(如 RMSSD = 71.87 ms,SDNN = 66.51 ms),表明压力与心脏功能监测有效。
  • 移动应用程序成功在人体图上实现实时心电图、心率、体温及肌肉活动的可视化,提升用户与临床医生的感知能力。

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