[论文解读] Non-decoupling effects of the heavy T in the B0(d,s) - anti- B0(d,s) mixing and rare K and B decays
该论文识别出在最小希格斯模型中存在显著的非解耦效应,其中重的顶夸克伙伴(T)通过双T盒图增强B⁰_d,s–B̄⁰_d,s混合,其贡献与x_T = m_T²/M_W²呈线性比例,而非对数比例。当x_L ≈ 0.95且f/v = 5–15时,该贡献使短距离函数S增加最多56%,从而抑制V_td,并使ΔM_s和Br(B_s→μ⁺μ⁻)相比SM预测最多增强66%。
We point out that in the case of a heavy top quark T, present in the Littlest Higgs model (LH), and the t-T mixing parameter x_L > 0.90 the contribution to B^0_{d,s}-\bar B^0_{d,s} mixing from box diagrams with two T exchanges cannot be neglected. Although formally O(v^4/f^4) with v = 246 GeV and f > 1 TeV, this contribution increases linearly with x_T = m_T^2/M^2_W and with x_T = O(f^2/v^2) constitutes effectively an O(v^2/f^2) correction. For x_L ~ 1, this contribution turns out to be more important than the genuine O(v^2/f^2) corrections. In particular it is larger than the recently calculated O(v^2/f^2) contribution of box diagrams with a single T exchange that increases only logarithmically with x_T. For x_L = 0.95 and f/v = 5,10,15, the short distance function S governing the B^0_{d,s}-\bar B^0_{d,s} mixing mass differences \Delta M_{d,s} receives 56%, 15% and 7% enhancements relative to its Standard Model (SM) value, implying a suppression of the CKM element V_td and an enhancement of \Delta M_s. The short distance functions X and Y, relevant for rare K and B decays, increase only logarithmically with x_T. With the suppressed V_td, K->\pi u\bar u and B_d->\mu^+\mu^- decays are only insignificantly modified with respect to the SM, while the branching ratio Br(B_s->\mu^+\mu^-) receives 66%, 19% and 9% enhancements for x_L = 0.95 and f/v = 5,10,15, respectively. Similar enhancement is found for Br(B_s->\mu\bar\mu)/Br(B_d->\mu\bar\mu).
研究动机与目标
- 研究重顶夸克伙伴(T)在最小希格斯模型中对B⁰_d,s–B̄⁰_d,s混合的影响。
- 评估尽管双T盒图贡献在形式上为O(v⁴/f⁴),但在x_L > 0.90时是否仍保持显著。
- 将双T贡献的大小与单T盒图的典型O(v²/f²)修正进行比较。
- 在CKM参数被修正的条件下,评估其对稀有K和B衰变(特别是K→πνν̄和B→μ⁺μ⁻)的影响。
- 量化由于V_td被抑制和混合增强,B_s→μ⁺μ⁻分支比的增强程度。
提出的方法
- 分析涉及两个T夸克的B⁰_d,s–B̄⁰_d,s混合中的盒图,计算其对短距离函数S的贡献。
- 评估双T贡献的标度行为,其随x_T = m_T²/M_W²线性增加,与单T贡献的对数标度形成对比。
- 将双T贡献与标准O(v²/f²)修正进行比较,表明当x_L ≈ 1时其占主导地位。
- 利用关系式x_L = m_T²/f²,将结果以f/v表示,其中f > 1 TeV且v = 246 GeV。
- 计算ΔM_d,s的等效威尔逊系数S以及稀有衰变的X、Y,纳入因抑制而修正的V_td。
- 将所得参数应用于计算B_s→μ⁺μ⁻和B_d→μ⁺μ⁻的分支比,并与SM预期进行比较。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1当顶夸克伙伴较重且x_L > 0.90时,双T盒图如何影响B⁰_d,s–B̄⁰_d,s混合?
- RQ2两个T交换的O(v⁴/f⁴)贡献是否可能非解耦,并超过标准O(v²/f²)修正?
- RQ3双T贡献对短距离函数S及由此产生的ΔM_d,s的定量影响是什么?
- RQ4由于S增强导致的V_td被抑制,对稀有K和B衰变(如K→πνν̄和B_d→μ⁺μ⁻)有何影响?
- RQ5对于固定x_L ≈ 0.95,不同f/v比值下,Br(B_s→μ⁺μ⁻)相比SM增强了多少?
主要发现
- 当x_L = 0.95且f/v = 5时,双T盒图贡献使短距离函数S相比SM值增强56%。
- 当f/v = 10和15时,S的增强分别降至15%和7%,这是由于f⁻²依赖关系所致。
- CKM矩阵元V_td的抑制是S增强的直接结果,S增强导致ΔM_s增加,并影响稀有衰变振幅。
- 与SM相比,Br(B_s→μ⁺μ⁻)在f/v = 5时增强66%,在f/v = 10时增强19%,在f/v = 15时增强9%。
- Br(B_s→μ⁺μ⁻)/Br(B_d→μ⁺μ⁻)也受到显著增强,与B_s混合贡献更大一致。
- 由于V_td被抑制,K→πνν̄和B_d→μ⁺μ⁻衰变仅受到微不足道的修正,因为其振幅对这一变化不甚敏感。
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