Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] Nonlinear waves in stratified Taylor--Couette flow. Part 2. Buoyancy flux

Colin Leclercq, Jamie Partridge|arXiv (Cornell University)|Sep 9, 2016
Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows参考文献 6被引用 3
一句话总结

本研究识别出在分层Taylor–Couette流中,非线性波结构——特别是条带状结构和混合条带状结构——是向上浮力通量的主要驱动力,即使在高雷诺数下也是如此。该机制源于这些相干结构中密度与垂直速度之间的正相关性,其成因在低施密特数下由扩散主导,在较高Sc下则由非线性耦合主导,表明混沌输运(chaotic advection)而非湍流主导了高效混合。

ABSTRACT

This paper is the second part of a two-fold study of mixing, i.e. the formation of layers and upwelling of buoyancy, in axially stratified Taylor--Couette flow, with fixed outer cylinder. In a first paper, we showed that the dynamics of the flow was dominated by coherent structures made of a superposition of nonlinear waves. (Mixed)-ribbons and (mixed)-cross-spirals are generated by interactions between a pair of linearly unstable helical modes of opposite `handedness', and appear to be responsible for the formation of well-mixed layers and sharp density interfaces. In this paper, we show that these structures are also fully accountable for the upwards buoyancy flux in the simulations. The mechanism by which this occurs is a positive coupling between the density and vertical velocity components of the most energetic waves. This coupling is primarily caused by diffusion of density at low Schmidt number Sc, but can also be a nonlinear effect at larger Sc. Turbulence was found to contribute negatively to the buoyancy flux at Sc=1,10,16, which lead to the conclusion that mass upwelling is a consequence of chaotic advection, even at large Reynolds number. Artificially isolating the coherent structure therefore leads to excellent estimates of the flux Richardson numbers Ri_f from the DNS. We also used the theoretical framework of Winters et al. (1995) to analyse the energetics of mixing in an open control volume, shedding light on the influence of end effects in the potential energy budget. The potential connection with the buoyancy flux measurements made in the recent experiment of Oglethorpe et al. (2013) is also discussed.

研究动机与目标

  • 识别轴向分层Taylor–Couette流中向上浮力通量的物理机制。
  • 确定在弱湍流区,湍流还是相干波结构主导了混合效率。
  • 评估端板和边界条件在扭曲势能与浮力通量预算中的作用。
  • 评估研究结果与实验观测的相关性,特别是Oglethorpe等(2013)的研究结果,尽管存在施密特数不匹配的问题。
  • 探究所观测到的通量机制是否可作为实验中报告的普遍通量定律的成因。

提出的方法

  • 对固定外筒的轴对称周期性分层Taylor–Couette流进行直接数值模拟(DNS)。
  • 对浮力通量项进行谱分解,以分离出相干结构的贡献。
  • 应用Winters等(1995)的开放控制体能量学框架,将可用势能与背景势能分开。
  • 通过隔离相干波结构并对比完整DNS结果,分析通量理查德森数(Rif)。
  • 使用牛顿型求解器沿分叉分支收敛非线性波解。
  • 将数值结果与Oglethorpe等(2013)的实验数据进行比较,重点关注浮力雷诺数和通量标度关系。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在弱湍流、轴向分层的Taylor–Couette流中,是什么物理机制驱动了向上浮力通量?
  • RQ2相干非线性波——特别是条带状和混合条带状结构——在多大程度上解释了观测到的浮力通量?
  • RQ3施密特数如何影响通过非线性波与湍流进行质量输运的效率?
  • RQ4端板和边界条件在扭曲势能与浮力通量诊断中起什么作用?
  • RQ5尽管施密特数存在差异,相干波机制是否能解释Oglethorpe等(2013)观测到的普遍通量定律?

主要发现

  • 非线性波结构——条带状和混合条带状结构——主导了向上浮力通量,在模拟中几乎解释了所有观测到的通量。
  • 在低施密特数(Sc)下,密度与垂直速度之间的正相关性主要由分子扩散驱动,从而实现了高效的浮力输运。
  • 在较高施密特数下,非线性耦合机制维系了正相关性,但效率显著降低,导致通量理查德森数更低。
  • 在Sc = 1、10和16时,湍流对浮力通量有负贡献,表明质量上涌并非源于湍流混合,而是源于相干结构的混沌输运。
  • 通过隔离相干结构可准确估算通量理查德森数(Rif),证实其是混合的主要作用机制。
  • 端板因不可渗透性和无通量密度边界条件,导致势能异常累积和非分层层的形成,扭曲了整体能量预算。

更好的研究,从现在开始

从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。