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[论文解读] Observation of Bulk Polarization Transitions and Higher-Order Embedded Topological Eigenstates for Sound

Xiang Ni, Matthew Weiner|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 2, 2018
Topological Materials and Phenomena参考文献 7被引用 9
一句话总结

本研究通过实验展示了3D打印声学超结构中的体极化转变及高阶拓扑本征态。通过调节设计参数,研究人员观察到具有自旋极化单向传播特性的稳健1D边缘态,以及嵌入体连续谱中的0D角态,这些态具有拓扑保护特性,尽管与扩展模态存在能谱重叠,仍对无序具有强鲁棒性。

ABSTRACT

Topological systems are inherently robust to disorder and continuous perturbations, resulting in dissipation-free edge transport of electrons in quantum solids, or reflectionless guiding of photons and phonons in classical wave systems characterized by Chern or spin-Chern topological invariants. These established examples of topological physics, however, do not exhaust all possible topological phases, and recently a new class of topological metamaterials characterized by bulk polarization has been introduced. In addition to edge conduction, these systems have been shown to host higher-order topological modes. Here, we introduce and measure topological bulk polarization in 3D printed two-dimensional acoustic meta-structures, and observe topological transitions as the design parameters are tuned. We also demonstrate that our topological meta-structure hosts both 1D edge and higher-order 0D corner states with unique acoustic properties. The edge states have spin polarization that reverses for opposite propagation direction, thus supporting directional excitation. Corner states are pinned to the meta-structure corners, and rapidly decay both along the edges and into the bulk. Interestingly, these 0D states can spectrally overlap with the continuum of bulk states, but are not compatible with radiation, thus enabling embedded topological eigenstates within the continuum of bulk modes. Their confinement and inherent topological robustness is experimentally confirmed by deliberately introducing disorder. Our findings open new directions in acoustics for advanced sound propagation and manipulation.

研究动机与目标

  • 探索超越传统陈数不变量的声学系统中的拓扑相。
  • 在二维声学超结构中实现并测量体极化转变。
  • 证明嵌入体连续谱中的高阶拓扑态——特别是0D角态的存在。
  • 在与体模态存在能谱重叠的情况下,确认这些态的拓扑鲁棒性。
  • 通过自旋极化边缘态和角态实现定向声波传播与局域化。

提出的方法

  • 设计并3D打印具有可调几何参数的二维声学超结构,以诱导体极化转变。
  • 利用有限元模拟与实验测量表征能带结构与本征态分布。
  • 实施相位工程激励装置,探测具有自旋极化单向传播特性的定向边缘态。
  • 引入受控无序,以测试角态与边缘态的鲁棒性。
  • 通过光谱分析识别与体连续谱重叠但与辐射解耦的0D角态。
  • 利用拓扑不变量与极化分析,确认高阶拓扑相的出现。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否在经典声学系统中实验观测到体极化转变?
  • RQ2在具有可调几何结构的二维声学超结构中,高阶拓扑角态是否会出现?
  • RQ30D角态能否在与体连续谱存在能谱重叠的情况下,仍被嵌入体连续谱中而不发生辐射衰减?
  • RQ4这些拓扑态在无序与结构缺陷下的鲁棒性如何?
  • RQ5边缘态能否支持单向、自旋极化的声波传播?

主要发现

  • 研究人员通过调节几何参数,在3D打印的二维声学超结构中成功观测到体极化转变。
  • 实验确认了具有自旋极化单向传播特性的1D边缘态,其自旋极化方向随传播方向反转。
  • 0D角态局域在结构的角上,并迅速衰减至边缘和体区域。
  • 尽管与体连续谱存在能谱重叠,角态仍保持局域化且未与辐射耦合,证实其嵌入式拓扑特性。
  • 角态在人为引入无序后仍保持局域化与完整性,表现出拓扑鲁棒性。
  • 该系统同时支持1D边缘态与0D角态拓扑态,实现在单一平台上的多模态、鲁棒声波调控。

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