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[论文解读] Observation of Light-Driven Levitation Near Epsilon-Near-Zero Surfaces

M. G. Donato, Michael Hinczewski|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 15, 2026
Mechanical and Optical Resonators被引用 0
一句话总结

该研究通过实验测量近 ε-接近零(ENZ)表面的介电粒子在波长依赖下的排斥光力,从而实现通过光驱动的托举/光子力显微成像。

ABSTRACT

Optical manipulation of micro- and nanoparticles near surfaces is fundamental for applications in sensing and microfluidics, yet controlling particle-surface interactions remains challenging. Here we experimentally investigate light-induced forces on dielectric particles near epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) metamaterial surfaces using photonic force microscopy. By illuminating trapped particles with tunable visible light, we observe a wavelength-dependent repulsive force unique to ENZ surfaces, contrasting with the attractive forces near dielectric or metallic substrates. This repulsion peaks near the ENZ frequency and may be attributed to combined optical ENZ effects and thermophoretic forces. Our findings demonstrate that ENZ metamaterials can induce stable levitation of particles via light-driven forces, offering a novel mechanism for contactless manipulation in microfluidic environments. This work advances understanding of light-matter interactions at ENZ interfaces and suggests potential for ENZ-based optical control of micro- and nanoscale objects, with potential applications in micro- and nanofluidic environments.

研究动机与目标

  • 为了 sensing 与微流控领域实现粒子–表面相互作用的精确控制。
  • 研究 ENZ 超材料界面对被困介电粒子在近场光力中的修改作用。
  • 比较介电、金属与 ENZ 基底附近的力,以识别独特的 ENZ 效应。
  • 量化 ENZ 特异力与热泳效应对粒子悬浮的贡献。

提出的方法

  • 使用光子力显显微镜测量近表面的 1 μm 聚苯乙烯珠子的轴向力。
  • 用可调波长的可见光照射被困粒子,以极化并扰动陷阱平衡。
  • 通过热涨落的功率谱分析和陷阱标定来校准轴向总力 Fz。
  • 探索随波长、表面类型(介电、银、ENZ)及距离表面的变化的力。
  • 用各向异性的有效介质模型来表征 ENZ 效应,并通过 Faxen 定律与热泳来评估热贡献。
Figure 1: Epsilon-near-zero sample structure and experimental setup. ( A ) A typical epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) sample structure consists of 5 trilayers of Al 2 O 3 and Ag with a thin Ge layer ensuring surface wetting (see Methods). The stacks are deposited on a glass substrate. A polystyrene probe par
Figure 1: Epsilon-near-zero sample structure and experimental setup. ( A ) A typical epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) sample structure consists of 5 trilayers of Al 2 O 3 and Ag with a thin Ge layer ensuring surface wetting (see Methods). The stacks are deposited on a glass substrate. A polystyrene probe par

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1ENZ 界面是否在附近的介电粒子上产生可测的排斥光力?
  • RQ2与介电与金属基底相比,ENZ 表面附近的光力如何随波长和距离变化?
  • RQ3热泳及其他热效应在 ENZ 基底附近对观测力的贡献程度如何?

主要发现

  • 仅在 ENZ 表面附近出现排斥轴向力,且呈显著波长依赖,峰值在大约 500 nm 附近。
  • 在某些波长与距离下,ENZ 基底的排斥力可超过介电或金属表面前方观察到的吸引力。
  • ENZ 诱导的排斥并非仅由加热再现,表明存在真实的 ENZ 光力分量。
  • 热泳效应在较高光功率下有贡献,但其光谱/功率依赖性可与 ENZ 光力分离。
  • 观测到的力行为支持一种 Meissner-样的光学响应,其中 ENZ 界面重新分布位移场以排斥邻近物质。
Figure 2: Calibrated optical force measurements near sample surfaces. ( A ) Calibrated axial tracking signals under pulsed polarizing light from the PB source. The polystyrene particle is trapped in front of glass (red curve, $P_{trap}\sim$ 13 mW) or in front of ENZ (blue curve, $P_{trap}\sim$ 2 mW)
Figure 2: Calibrated optical force measurements near sample surfaces. ( A ) Calibrated axial tracking signals under pulsed polarizing light from the PB source. The polystyrene particle is trapped in front of glass (red curve, $P_{trap}\sim$ 13 mW) or in front of ENZ (blue curve, $P_{trap}\sim$ 2 mW)

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