[论文解读] Orbital evolution of the P/1996 R2 and P/1996 N2 objects

С. И. Ипатов, Gerhard Hahn|arXiv (Cornell University)|Dec 17, 2024

Astro and Planetary Science被引用 7

一句话总结

数值积分研究在 P/1996 R2 附近的轨道（一个越过木星轨道的天体）与 P/1996 N2 的轨道随时间的演化，显示对初始条件的敏感依赖、可能的地球穿越，以及 P/1996 N2 的准周期性变化。

ABSTRACT

A numerical integration of the equations of motion of the Sun-planets-an object system is used to study the evolution of orbits close to the orbit of the P/1996 R2 object, which is a Jupiter-crossing object, and to the asteroidal orbit of the P/1996 N2 object, which, at the moment of its detection, had a tail similar to a cometary one. Small variations in the initial data considerably affect the evolution of orbits close to that of the P/1996 R2 object. The time elapsed up to the ejection of the object into a hyperbolic orbit varied from 3*10^4 to 2.7*10^7 yr. Some objects were in resonances with Jupiter and Saturn for a long time. For about 20 percent of the runs, objects reached the Earth's orbit during evolution. Orbital elements of the P/1996 N2 object changed quasi-periodically over the considered time span of 200 Myr. Variations in the semimajor axis, eccentricity, and inclination were equal to 0.04 AU, 0.11 deg, and 3.5 deg, respectively.

研究动机与目标

• 研究初始条件的微小差异如何影响 P/1996 R2 和 P/1996 N2 附近轨道的长期演化。
• 评估在太阳-行星引力作用下，这些轨道的稳定性与共振参与情况。
• 确定跃迁到双曲线轨道或地球穿越轨道的可能性及所需时间尺度。

提出的方法

• 对太阳–行星–天体系统进行数值积分以模拟轨道演化。
• 在长达200 Myr的时间尺度上传播轨道要素。
• 分析木星与土星的共振占据情况并跟踪跃出到双曲轨道的时间。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 Do orbits near P/1996 R2 remain stable or do small initial differences lead to divergent outcomes?
• RQ2 What fractions of simulated evolutions reach Earth-crossing orbits, and on what timescales do ejections occur?
• RQ3 How do the orbital elements of P/1996 N2 evolve over hundreds of millions of years, and are they quasi-periodic?

主要发现

• 跃出时间差异很大，从 3×10^4 年到 2.7×10^7 年，取决于初始条件。
• 一些模拟对象在木星和土星的共振中长期停留。
• 约 20% 的模拟结果在演化过程中达到地球轨道。
• P/1996 N2 在 200 Myr 内显示轨道要素的准周期性变化，半长轴变化量为 0.04 AU，离心率变化量为 0.11，倾角变化量为 3.5 度。