[论文解读] Parameterized Objectives and Algorithms for Clustering Bipartite Graphs and Hypergraphs
本文提出了用于二分图和超图的参数化目标,支持在多种数据类型中灵活发现社区和密集子图。通过调节分辨率参数,该框架可恢复已知目标(如归一化割和模块度),并在特定参数范围内首次通过线性规划和基于匹配的算法,为双聚类删除问题提供常数因子近似解。
Motivated by applications in community detection and dense subgraph discovery, we consider new clustering objectives in hypergraphs and bipartite graphs. These objectives are parameterized by one or more resolution parameters in order to enable diverse knowledge discovery in complex data. For both hypergraph and bipartite objectives, we identify parameter regimes that are equivalent to existing objectives and share their (polynomial-time) approximation algorithms. We first show that our parameterized hypergraph correlation clustering objective is related to higher-order notions of normalized cut and modularity in hypergraphs. It is further amenable to approximation algorithms via hyperedge expansion techniques. Our parameterized bipartite correlation clustering objective generalizes standard unweighted bipartite correlation clustering, as well as bicluster deletion. For a certain choice of parameters it is also related to our hypergraph objective. Although in general it is NP-hard, we highlight a parameter regime for the bipartite objective where the problem reduces to the bipartite matching problem and thus can be solved in polynomial time. For other parameter settings, we present approximation algorithms using linear program rounding techniques. These results allow us to introduce the first constant-factor approximation for bicluster deletion, the task of removing a minimum number of edges to partition a bipartite graph into disjoint bi-cliques. In several experimental results, we highlight the flexibility of our framework and the diversity of results that can be obtained in different parameter settings. This includes clustering bipartite graphs across a range of parameters, detecting motif-rich clusters in an email network and a food web, and forming clusters of retail products in a product review hypergraph, that are highly correlated with known product categories.
研究动机与目标
- 开发用于超图和二分图的参数化聚类目标,以支持在复杂数据中进行多样化知识发现。
- 通过可调分辨率参数,统一并推广现有目标(如归一化割、模块度和二分图相关聚类)
- 识别所提目标在何种参数范围内可采用多项式时间算法,包括对二分图匹配的约化
- 通过线性规划舍入和超边扩展技术,为NP难情形提供近似算法
- 在真实世界数据集(包括电子邮件网络、食物网和产品评论超图)上,展示该框架的灵活性与有效性
提出的方法
- 提出一种参数化的超图相关聚类目标,推广了超图中的高阶归一化割和模块度概念
- 利用超边扩展技术,使超图目标的近似算法成为可能,结合谱方法与组合方法
- 引入一种参数化的二分图相关聚类目标,推广了无权二分图相关聚类和双聚类删除问题
- 识别出一个特定参数范围,使二分图聚类问题可约化为二分图匹配问题,从而在多项式时间内求解
- 应用线性规划舍入技术,为二分图目标的其他参数设置推导出近似算法
- 采用统一框架,通过共享参数化与算法设计,连接超图与二分图目标
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何对超图和二分图中的聚类目标进行参数化,以实现灵活且可调节分辨率的知识发现?
- RQ2所提目标的哪些参数范围对应于已知目标(如归一化割和模块度)?
- RQ3在哪些参数范围内,所提聚类问题可被多项式时间求解?
- RQ4该框架能否为NP难的双聚类删除问题提供首个常数因子近似解?
- RQ5该参数化框架在真实世界数据集中检测富含基序的聚类和类别相关群组时表现如何?
主要发现
- 参数化的超图相关聚类目标推广了高阶归一化割和模块度,且可通过超边扩展实现近似
- 二分图目标的特定参数范围可约化为二分图匹配问题,从而实现多项式时间求解
- 该框架通过线性规划舍入技术,首次为双聚类删除问题提供了常数因子近似解
- 实验评估表明,该方法成功检测到电子邮件网络和食物网中的富含基序的聚类,展现出对结构基序的敏感性
- 在评论超图中,该方法形成了与已知产品类别高度相关的聚类,验证了其实际应用价值
- 该框架在不同参数设置下可实现多样化的聚类结果,凸显其在探索性数据分析中的灵活性
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