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[论文解读] Performance Analysis of Bio-Inspired Routing Protocols based on Random Waypoint Mobility Model

Vaibhav Godbole|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 5, 2013
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks参考文献 24被引用 8
一句话总结

本文通过NS2仿真,在随机行进者移动模型下评估了基于生物启发蚁群优化(ACO)的路由协议——AntNet、AntHocNet、ARA、PACONET、Ant-AODV和Ant-DSR。结果表明,与传统的AODV和DSR相比,ACO协议在端到端延迟和分组交付比方面均有显著提升,凸显其在动态移动自组织网络(MANETs)中的有效性。

ABSTRACT

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a non-centralised, multihop, wireless network that lacks a common infrastructure and hence it needs self-organisation. The biggest challenge in MANETs is to find a path between communicating nodes, which is the MANET routing problem. Biology-inspired techniques such as ant colony optimisation (ACO) which have proven to be very adaptable in other problem domains, have been applied to the MANET routing problem as it forms a good fit to the problem. The general characteristics of these biological systems, which include their capability for self-organisation, self-healing and local decision making, make them suitable for routing in MANETs. In this paper, we discuss a few ACO based protocols, namely AntNet, hybrid ACO (AntHocNet), ACO based routing algorithm (ARA), imProved ant colony optimisation routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc NETworks (PACONET), ACO based on demand distance vector (Ant-AODV) and ACO based dynamic source routing (Ant-DSR), and determine their performance in terms of quality of service (QoS) parameters, such as end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio, using Network Simulator 2 (NS2). We also compare them with well known protocols, ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) and dynamic source routing (DSR), based on the random waypoint mobility model. The simulation results show how this biology-inspired approach helps in improving QoS parameters.

研究动机与目标

  • 分析生物启发式ACO基路由协议在移动自组织网络(MANETs)中的性能。
  • 评估ACO协议在随机行进者模型下,如何在节点移动条件下维持服务质量(QoS)。
  • 在端到端延迟和分组交付比方面,比较ACO基协议与AODV和DSR等传统协议的性能。
  • 评估ACO协议在自组织、无基础设施无线网络中的适应性和鲁棒性。

提出的方法

  • 本研究采用网络模拟器2(NS2)在随机行进者移动模型下模拟MANET。
  • 实现了六种基于ACO的路由协议——AntNet、AntHocNet、ARA、PACONET、Ant-AODV和Ant-DSR,并对它们进行了评估。
  • 在相同的仿真参数和移动场景下,将这些协议与标准协议AODV和DSR进行基准对比。
  • 性能指标包括端到端延迟、分组交付比以及在不同移动模式下的整体QoS。
  • ACO机制利用信息素路径和受蚂蚁觅食行为启发的本地决策机制,以发现并维持路由。
  • 在多种移动场景下进行仿真,以评估协议的稳定性和响应能力。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在随机行进者移动模型下,ACO基路由协议的端到端延迟表现如何?
  • RQ2在移动自组织网络中,ACO基协议的分组交付比与AODV和DSR相比如何?
  • RQ3ACO协议在多大程度上能够适应由节点移动引起的动态拓扑变化?
  • RQ4在真实移动条件下,基于生物启发的路由机制是否能在QoS指标上优于传统的按需协议?

主要发现

  • 在相同移动条件下,基于ACO的协议如Ant-AODV和Ant-DSR的分组交付比高于AODV和DSR。
  • ACO基协议的端到端延迟显著降低,尤其在高移动性场景下表现更优。
  • PACONET和AntHocNet相比基线协议展现出更高的路由稳定性和更低的控制开销。
  • 信息素驱动的路由选择机制增强了对频繁拓扑变化的适应能力。
  • Ant-DSR在低至中等移动性环境中表现出色,得益于结合信息素反馈的高效源路由机制。
  • 总体而言,ACO基协议在延迟和交付比方面均优于AODV和DSR,证实其在动态MANET中的适用性。

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