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[论文解读] Plasma Diagnostic and Performance of a Permanent Magnet Hall Thruster

J. L. Ferreira, João Henrique Campos de Souza|ArXiv.org|Oct 20, 2004
Plasma Diagnostics and Applications被引用 4
一句话总结

本文提出了一种永磁体霍尔推进器(PMHT),采用永磁体阵列产生径向磁场,从而无需使用电磁铁。实验诊断显示了不同工作状态下离子密度、温度及离子能量分布情况,实测推力范围为40–80 mN,功耗比商用SPT-100低30%,展现出在小卫星和中型卫星任务中的巨大潜力。

ABSTRACT

Electric propulsion is now a sucessfull method for primary propulsion of deep space long duration missions and for geosyncronous satellite attitude control. Closed Drift Plasma Thruster, so called Hall Thruster or SPT (stationary plasma thruster) were primarily conceived in USSR (the ancient Soviet Union) and now it is been developed by space agencies, space research institutes and industries in several countries such as France, USA, Israel, Russian Federation and Brazil. In this work, we show plasma characteristics and performance of a Hall Thruster designed with an innovative concept which uses an array of permanent magnets, instead of an eletromagnet, to produce a radial magnetic field inside its cylindrical plasma drift channel. Within this new concept, we expect to develop a Hall Thruster within power consuption that will scale up to small and medium size satellites. A plasma density and temperature space profiles inside and outside the thruster channel will be shown. Space plasma potential, ion temperature measurements based on doppler broadenning of spectral lines and ion energy measurements are shown for different plasma production regimes. Experimentaly measured propulsion and power consumption will also be shown and compared with computational simulation models using the same plasma experimental conditions. In both cases the results are showing a thrust range between 40mN to 80mN which is close to the thrust levels obtained with a commercial SPT 100 using 30% less electrical power.

研究动机与目标

  • 开发一种适用于小卫星和中型卫星的紧凑型、低功耗霍尔推进器。
  • 用永磁体替代传统电磁铁,以降低功耗并简化系统复杂度。
  • 表征推进器通道内等离子体参数,如密度、温度及离子能量分布。
  • 在相同实验条件下,将实验性能与计算模拟结果进行验证。
  • 在降低电功率输入的前提下,实现与商用SPT相当的推力水平。

提出的方法

  • 设计了一款霍尔推进器,其等离子体漂移通道为圆柱形,并采用永磁体阵列以产生径向磁场。
  • 利用朗缪尔探针测量通道内部及外部的等离子体密度与电子温度分布。
  • 通过光学发射测量中谱线的多普勒展宽,确定离子能量分布。
  • 采用偏压场能谱仪(RFEA)测量等离子体电势。
  • 在相同等离子体条件下,实验测量推力与功耗,并与模拟结果进行对比。
  • 应用计算模型,对与实验参数完全相同的条件下等离子体行为进行模拟,以验证结果。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1基于永磁体的霍尔推进器能否实现与传统电磁铁驱动的SPT相当的性能?
  • RQ2在PMHT中,不同工作状态下等离子体密度、温度及离子能量分布如何变化?
  • RQ3PMHT中磁场构型与等离子体约束效率之间存在何种关系?
  • RQ4实验测得的推力与功耗数据在多大程度上与计算模拟结果一致?
  • RQ5PMHT能否实现适用于小卫星任务的高推力/功率比?

主要发现

  • PMHT实现了40–80 mN的推力范围,证明其在小卫星和中型卫星推进中具有可行性。
  • 与商用SPT-100相比,该推进器在降低30%电功率输入的条件下实现了推力性能,表明其具有高效率。
  • 等离子体密度与电子温度分布显示通道内等离子体稳定且被有效约束,径向方向存在可测量的梯度。
  • 通过多普勒展宽测得的离子温度揭示了与高效电离和加速一致的离子能量分布。
  • 等离子体电势测量结果证实了存在强电场结构,这是实现离子加速所必需的。
  • 在相同工作条件下,实验测得的推力与功耗数据与计算模拟模型具有良好一致性。

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