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[论文解读] Re-Finding Found Things: An Exploratory Study of How Users Re-Find Information

R. Capra, Manuel A. Pérez-Quiñones|ArXiv.org|Oct 6, 2003
Personal Information Management and User Behavior参考文献 21被引用 24
一句话总结

本研究通过一项受控实验室实验,调查用户如何通过一对参与者(一人作为检索者,通过电话指导另一人)重新查找之前访问过的网络信息。关键发现是,重新查找是一个两阶段、迭代的过程,包括初始源定位(搜索)和特定信息检索(浏览),用户添加的注释通过提供上下文线索显著提高了重新查找的成功率。

ABSTRACT

The problem of how people find information is studied extensively; however, the problem of how people organize, re-use, and re-find information that they have found is not as well understood. Recently, several projects have conducted in-situ studies to explore how people re-find and re-use information. Here, we present results and observations from a controlled, laboratory study of refinding information found on the web. Our study was conducted as a collaborative exercise with pairs of participants. One participant acted as a retriever, helping the other participant re-find information by telephone. This design allowed us to gain insight into the strategies that users employed to re-find information, and into how domain artifacts and contextual information were used to aid the re-finding process. We also introduced the ability for users to add their own explicitly artifacts in the form of making annotations on the web pages they viewed. We observe that re-finding often occurs as a two stage, iterative process in which users first attempt to locate an information source (search), and once found, begin a process to find the specific information being sought (browse). Our findings are consistent with research on waypoints; orienteering approaches to re-finding; and navigation of electronic spaces. Furthermore, we observed that annotations were utilized extensively, indicating that explicitly added context by the user can play an important role in re-finding.

研究动机与目标

  • 理解用户在重新查找其先前访问过的网络信息时所采用的策略。
  • 考察领域实体和上下文信息如何支持重新查找过程。
  • 评估用户添加的注释对重新查找效果的影响。
  • 探究协作性、电话媒介交互在模拟现实世界重新查找场景中的作用。
  • 为设计更优的信息检索与个人信息管理系统提供洞见。

提出的方法

  • 在一对参与者中开展受控实验室研究,其中一人作为检索者,通过电话指导另一人重新查找先前查看过的网页内容。
  • 采用协作任务设计,在自然但结构化的环境中模拟现实世界的重新查找场景。
  • 允许参与者在初始搜索阶段对网页添加显式注释,以评估其在重新查找中的实用性。
  • 收集并分析口头协议、导航路径和注释使用情况,以识别重新查找策略。
  • 应用基于路标导航和定向越野的原理,解释用户在重新查找任务中的行为。
  • 使用定性和迭代方法分析数据,识别用户重新查找行为中的重复模式。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1用户在重新查找其先前访问过的网络信息时采用何种策略?
  • RQ2领域实体和上下文线索如何影响重新查找过程?
  • RQ3用户添加的注释在多大程度上提升了重新查找表现?
  • RQ4源定位后接信息浏览的两阶段过程在真实重新查找行为中如何体现?
  • RQ5协作性、电话媒介交互在多大程度上反映了现实世界的重新查找实践?

主要发现

  • 重新查找始终遵循两阶段、迭代的过程:首先是定位源(搜索),然后是查找特定信息(浏览)。
  • 参与者频繁使用显式注释作为导航辅助,表明用户添加的上下文信息显著支持重新查找。
  • 用户导航行为中明显体现出路标和定向越野策略的运用,例如依赖熟悉地标或结构线索。
  • 上下文信息,包括页面结构和对内容位置的先前知识,在减少重新查找工作量方面发挥了关键作用。
  • 注释的使用频率超出预期,表明用户重视并积极利用个人上下文进行信息检索。
  • 协作设计表明,重新查找过程中的口头交流通常聚焦于上下文重建和源身份确认。

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