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[论文解读] Real-time accident detection and physiological signal monitoring to enhance motorbike safety and emergency response

Syed Md. Siam, Khadiza Islam Sumaiya|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 28, 2024
IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems被引用 4
一句话总结

本文提出了一种基于物联网的智能头盔系统,集成加速度计、GPS、GSM及生理传感器(心率与血氧饱和度SpO2),用于实时检测摩托车事故并触发紧急响应。系统通过加速度计阈值检测碰撞,将GPS位置和生命体征通过短信发送至紧急联系人,并在测试中实现了100%的事故检测准确率,实时警报响应时间在5秒以内。

ABSTRACT

Rapid urbanization and improved living standards have led to a substantial increase in the number of vehicles on the road, consequently resulting in a rise in the frequency of accidents. Among these accidents, motorbike accidents pose a particularly high risk, often resulting in serious injuries or deaths. A significant number of these fatalities occur due to delayed or inadequate medical attention. To this end, we propose a novel automatic detection and notification system specifically designed for motorbike accidents. The proposed system comprises two key components: a detection system and a physiological signal monitoring system. The detection system is integrated into the helmet and consists of a microcontroller, accelerometer, GPS, GSM, and Wi-Fi modules. The physio-monitoring system incorporates a sensor for monitoring pulse rate and SpO$_{2}$ saturation. All collected data are presented on an LCD display and wirelessly transmitted to the detection system through the microcontroller of the physiological signal monitoring system. If the accelerometer readings consistently deviate from the specified threshold decided through extensive experimentation, the system identifies the event as an accident and transmits the victim's information -- including the GPS location, pulse rate, and SpO$_{2}$ saturation rate -- to the designated emergency contacts. Preliminary results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed system in accurately detecting motorbike accidents and promptly alerting emergency contacts. We firmly believe that the proposed system has the potential to significantly mitigate the risks associated with motorbike accidents and save lives.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决因应急响应延迟导致的摩托车事故高死亡率问题。
  • 开发一种低成本、实时的系统,自动检测事故并通知紧急联系人。
  • 将生理监测(心率、SpO2)与事故检测相结合,实现全面的骑行者安全保障。
  • 通过向救援人员提供实时位置与健康数据,提升应急响应效率。
  • 设计一种经济实惠、可扩展的解决方案,适用于达卡等高密度城市地区。

提出的方法

  • 在头盔中部署ESP-8266微控制器,集成ADXL345加速度计、Ublox Neo-6M GPS模块与SIM800L GSM模块,实现实时事故检测。
  • 利用加速度计数据检测异常运动模式(如突然减速、高G力),当超过预设阈值时触发警报。
  • 采用Wi-Fi连接的D1 Mini Pro微控制器采集并传输来自MAX30100传感器的心率与SpO2数据。
  • 在LCD屏幕上存储并显示生理与位置数据,并通过无线方式将数据传送到检测系统。
  • 当加速度计偏差持续超过阈值5秒时,向紧急联系人发送短信警报。
  • 在警报中嵌入Google地图链接,包含GPS坐标,实现对受伤骑行者位置的实时追踪。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1基于加速度计的实时检测能否可靠识别摩托车事故,且误报率最低?
  • RQ2集成生理监测(心率与SpO2)在事故后应急响应中能发挥多大作用?
  • RQ3与传统方法相比,该系统在多大程度上缩短了应急响应时间?
  • RQ4在低资源城市环境中,该系统的成本效益与可扩展性如何?
  • RQ5在动态骑行条件下,实时GPS定位与数据传输的准确性如何?

主要发现

  • 当Y轴加速度值连续5秒低于-200时,系统成功检测到模拟事故,并触发警报。
  • 在阈值满足后恰好5秒内向紧急联系人发送了短信警报,证实了实时通知能力。
  • 心率与SpO2数据持续监测并随事故警报一同传输,使医疗人员能够评估骑行者状况。
  • 系统提供了实时GPS坐标,并附带Google地图链接,可精确追踪受伤骑行者的位置。
  • 原型总成本为31.02美元(3130 BDT),证明其在大规模部署中具有高度经济可行性。
  • 系统在测试事故事件中实现了100%的检测准确率,评估过程中无误报或漏报。

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