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[论文解读] Run, Tumble and Paint

Emir Sezik, Callum Britton|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 25, 2026
Micro and Nano Robotics被引用 0
一句话总结

该论文通过在 Doi-Peliti 场论框架内扩展示踪器机制至极性沉积,引入状态相关访问概率,并推导了一维中的首次穿越与体积覆盖性质,适用于 Run-and-Tumble 粒子。

ABSTRACT

The visit probability, quantifying whether a particle has reached a given point for the first time by a specified time, provides access to various extreme value statistics and serves as a fundamental tool for characterising active matter models. However, previous studies have largely neglected how the visit probability depends on the internal degree of freedom driving the active particle. To address this, we calculate the "state-dependent'' visit probability for a Run-and-Tumble particle, that is the probability that the particle first passes through $x$ before time $t$, keeping track of its internal state during first passage. This process may be thought of as the particle "painting'' the positions it passes through for the time in the colour of its self-propulsion state. We perform this calculation in one dimension using Doi-Peliti field theory, by extending the tracer mechanism from previous works to incorporate such "polar deposition'' and demonstrate that state-dependent visit probabilities can be elegantly captured within this field-theoretic framework. We further derive the total volume covered by a right- (or left-) moving Run-and-Tumble particle and compare our results with known expressions for Brownian motion.

研究动机与目标

  • 用内部自由度的活性物质研究访问概率的动机与意义。
  • 定义并计算跟踪内部取向的状态相关访问概率,以在首次穿越时对内部取向进行跟踪。
  • 将示踪沉积框架推广至包含极性(取向特定)沉积。
  • 为具有示踪粒子的 Run-and-Tumble 动力学建立 Doi-Peliti 场论。
  • 在一维中推导长期覆盖/体积结果,并与布朗运动表达式进行对比。

提出的方法

  • 建立一个一维的 Run-and-Tumble (RnT) 模型,位置记为 x(t),取向为 w(t) ∈ {−1, +1}。
  • 表示右向与左向状态及其翻滚(tumbling)动力学的耦合 Fokker-Planck 方程。
  • 引入极性示踪沉积机制,在首穿位置以取向特定的示踪物进行标记。
  • 将随机动力学和示踪规则映射到 Doi-Peliti 场论中,作用量分为 RnT 部分和示踪子部分。
  • 从 RnT 动作中识别裸传播子和扰动顶点以用于图形化计算。
  • 围绕示踪相互作用进行扰动展开,以计算状态相关访问概率及相关观测量。
Figure 1 : The tracer mechanism — Cartoon: (a) The RnT particle, shown as a ball, is initialised as a right mover (red). (b) Particle evolves in time, travelling on average to the right and leaving a trail of right (red) tracers, or painting the real line with a colour corresponding to its orientati
Figure 1 : The tracer mechanism — Cartoon: (a) The RnT particle, shown as a ball, is initialised as a right mover (red). (b) Particle evolves in time, travelling on average to the right and leaving a trail of right (red) tracers, or painting the real line with a colour corresponding to its orientati

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1对 Run-and-Tumble 粒子来说,给定初始状态,粒子在时间 t 之前第一次以某一取向访问点 x 的概率是多少(即状态相关访问概率)?
  • RQ2引入取向相关的示踪沉积(极性沉积)如何影响首次穿越统计和空间着色模式?
  • RQ3Doi-Peliti 框架是否能准确捕捉一维中的状态相关访问概率与长期覆盖?
  • RQ4与已知的布朗运动表达式相比,状态相关结果在总访问体积上的差异与影响如何?

主要发现

  • 通过将示踪机制扩展到极性沉积,可以定义并计算状态相关访问概率。
  • Doi-Peliti 场论框架给出编码 Run-and-Tumble 动力学与取向追踪的传播子和顶点。
  • 极性沉积导致非平凡的示踪模式(活性区段内存在相反物种的岛状结构),影响首次穿越统计。
  • 该方法可计算粒子在长期内在每个状态与每个半空间中的总覆盖体积。
  • 结果可与布朗运动的已知总访问体积表达式进行对比,突出自推进与持续性对结果的影响。
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