[论文解读] Science Impacts of the SPHEREx All-Sky Optical to Near-Infrared Spectral Survey II: Report of a Community Workshop on the Scientific Synergies Between the SPHEREx Survey and Other Astronomy Observatories

Olivier Doré, Michael W. Werner+61 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 14, 2018

Astronomy and Astrophysical Research被引用 47

一句话总结

本白皮书总结了2018年 SPHEREx 社区工作坊，详细说明 SPHEREx 全 sky 光谱（0.75–5 μm）将如何与 JWST、Euclid、WFIRST、LSST 等设施协同工作，以在膨胀、冰、星系外背景光等领域实现遗产科学。

ABSTRACT

SPHEREx is a proposed NASA MIDEX mission selected for Phase A study. SPHEREx would carry out the first all-sky spectral survey in the near infrared. At the end of its two-year mission, SPHEREx would obtain 0.75-to-5$μ$m spectra of every 6.2 arcsec pixel on the sky, with spectral resolution R>35 and a 5-$σ$ sensitivity AB$>$19 per spectral/spatial resolution element. More details concerning SPHEREx are available at http://spherex.caltech.edu. The SPHEREx team has proposed three specific science investigations to be carried out with this unique data set: cosmic inflation, interstellar and circumstellar ices, and the extra-galactic background light. Though these three themes are undoubtedly compelling, they are far from exhausting the scientific output of SPHEREx. Indeed, SPHEREx would create a unique all-sky spectral database including spectra of very large numbers of astronomical and solar system targets, including both extended and diffuse sources. These spectra would enable a wide variety of investigations, and the SPHEREx team is dedicated to making the data available to the community to enable these investigations, which we refer to as Legacy Science. To that end, we have sponsored two workshops for the general scientific community to identify the most interesting Legacy Science themes and to ensure that the SPHEREx data products are responsive to their needs. In February of 2016, some 50 scientists from all fields met in Pasadena to develop these themes and to understand their implications for the SPHEREx mission. The 2016 workshop highlighted many synergies between SPHEREx and other contemporaneous astronomical missions, facilities, and databases. Consequently, in January 2018 we convened a second workshop at the Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge to focus specifically on these synergies. This white paper reports on the results of the 2018 SPHEREx workshop.

研究动机与目标

• 推动 SPHEREx 成为近红外首个全天空光谱调查，并概述其核心科学主题（膨胀、冰、星系外背景光）。
• 识别并阐明 SPHEREx 数据与现有或规划中的观测设施之间的协同效应，以最大化科学收益（遗产科学）。
• 描述预测的数据产品与促进广泛访问及后续观测机会的社区参与策略。
• 突出与 JWST、Euclid、WFIRST、LSST、eROSITA、ALMA 及地基观测设施的具体协同案例。

提出的方法

• 描述 SPHEREx 的任务能力，包括通道的波长范围和光谱分辨率（R=41、R=35、R=110、R=130）以及每个 6.2′′×6.2′′ 像素的全天空 0.75–5 μm 光谱。
• 通过叙事用例和概念性模拟目录（如 Euclid+SPHEREx）来评估光度红移改进和跨 survey 科学，说明与主要观测站的协同。
• 总结广域光谱数据库为遗产科学提供的能力，并通过工作坊和公开数据发布来概述数据产品与社区参与。
• 参考现有任务和调查（JWST、Euclid、WFIRST、LSST、eROSITA、Gaia、2MASS、WISE），以将 SPHEREx 定位在调查十年的框架内。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 SPHEREx 数据与其他当前或规划中的观测站之间最具说服力的科学协同是什么？
• RQ2 SPHEREx 如何增强 JWST 的后续观测研究并校准或补充来自 Euclid、WFIRST、LSST 的光度红移？

主要发现

• SPHEREx 提供从 0.75 到 5 μm 的全天空近红外光谱调查，具有四种光谱分辨率等级（R=41、35、110、130）。
• 表1报告 SPHEREx 地图在整个天空中包含 1.3 万亿个光谱-空间元素，覆盖四次调查。
• SPHEREx 将为 2MASS PSC 中的每个源在每个光谱通道获得高信噪比光谱（例如 1.2、1.6、2.2 μm 波段分别为 40σ、60σ、150σ）。
• SPHEREx 光谱将覆盖 >10 亿个星系光谱、>1 千万颗恒星光谱、>10 万个冰吸收光谱、>100 万个类星体光谱，以及 >1 万颗小行星光谱。
• 研讨会强调遗产科学以及与 JWST、Euclid、WFIRST、LSST、eROSITA、ALMA 与地基观测设施的协同以最大化科学收益。
• 示例包括发现罕见的高红移类星体、随宇宙时间演进的星系研究、M-dwarf 和 brown dwarf 的表征、碎屑盘、星际冰以及通过跨 survey 分析研究原初非高斯性。