[论文解读] Slow light silicon modulator beyond 110 GHz bandwidth
该论文提出了一种基于级联布拉格光栅的耦合共振器光波导(CROW)的慢光硅调制器,在124 µm的尺寸内实现了超过110 GHz的电光(EO)带宽。通过优化群速度指数并平衡光子寿命、损耗与电带宽,该调制器在无需数字信号处理的情况下,利用开关键控(OOK)实现了>110 Gbps的数据传输,打破了纯硅调制器此前67 GHz的带宽限制。
Silicon modulators are key components in silicon photonics to support the dense integration of electro-optic (EO) functional elements on a compact chip for various applications including high-speed data transmission, signal processing, and photonic computing. Despite numerous advances in promoting the operation speed of silicon modulators, a bandwidth ceiling of 67 GHz emerges in practices and becomes an obstacle to paving silicon photonics toward Tbps level data throughput on a single chip. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a design strategy for silicon modulators by employing the slow light effect, which shatters the present bandwidth ceiling of silicon modulators and pushes its limit beyond 110 GHz in a small footprint. The proposed silicon modulator is built on a coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) architecture, in which a set of Bragg gratings are appropriately cascaded to give rise to a slow light effect. By comprehensively balancing a series of merits including the group index, photon lifetime, electrical bandwidth, and losses, we found the modulators can benefit from the slow light for better modulation efficiency and compact size while remaining their bandwidth sufficiently high to support ultra-high-speed data transmission. Consequently, we realize a modulator with an EO bandwidth of 110 GHz in a length of 124 μm, and demonstrate a data rate beyond 110 Gbps by applying simple on-off keying modulation for a DSP-free operation. Our work proves that silicon modulators beyond 110 GHz are feasible, thus shedding light on the potentials of silicon photonics in ultra-high-bandwidth applications such as data communication, optical interconnection, and photonic machine learning.
研究动机与目标
- 克服硅光子学中限制超高速硅调制器的67 GHz带宽上限。
- 利用纯硅、CMOS兼容组件实现每芯片Tbps级数据吞吐量。
- 在不依赖异质材料或复杂数字信号处理(DSP)的前提下,实现高速、紧凑调制。
- 证明CROW结构中的慢光效应可同时提升带宽与效率。
提出的方法
- 通过级联布拉格光栅设计耦合共振器光波导(CROW),实现群速度指数为6.1的可控慢光效应。
- 优化禁带中间模式,以平衡通带宽度、光带宽、调制效率与电带宽。
- 采用推挽电极结构与GSGSG几何布局,确保阻抗匹配与高频响应。
- 使用200 mm晶圆上的标准90 nm SOI CMOS工艺,硅层厚220 nm,埋氧层厚2 µm进行制造。
- 采用455 nm宽波导,90 nm脊形掺杂区,掺杂浓度为5.0×10¹⁷ cm⁻³的P型与N型掺杂,实现载流子注入。
- 通过矢量网络分析仪进行S参数测量,使用110 GHz光波组件,测试频率最高达110 GHz,并通过OOK调制与眼图验证数据传输性能。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1能否在CMOS兼容平台上,利用CROW结构中的慢光效应突破纯硅调制器的67 GHz带宽上限?
- RQ2如何在CROW基调制器中优化调制效率、光子寿命与电带宽之间的权衡?
- RQ3是否可行仅通过开关键控(OOK)且无需数字信号处理(DSP)实现>110 Gbps的数据传输?
- RQ4能否仅通过标准硅光子工艺实现紧凑、高带宽的硅调制器,而无需异质集成?
主要发现
- 该调制器在仅124 µm的尺寸内实现了110 GHz的电光(EO)带宽,突破了此前67 GHz的限制。
- 实验验证了在不使用数字信号处理(DSP)的情况下,通过开关键控(OOK)实现超过110 Gbps的数据速率。
- 插入损耗测量值为6.8 dB,其中5.4 dB归因于相位延迟器,表明其具备实际部署的兼容性。
- 群速度指数优化至6.1,实现了高调制效率、充足带宽与低传播损耗之间的良好平衡。
- 系统在8 nm的光谱窗口内稳定工作,证实了其鲁棒性与宽工作带宽。
- 结果验证了纯硅调制器可通过CROW结构中的慢光效应实现Tbps级性能,为数据通信与光子计算等未来应用铺平道路。
更好的研究,从现在开始
从阅读论文到最终审阅,大幅缩短您的研究时间。
无需绑定信用卡
本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。