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[论文解读] Spectroscopic Confirmation of CEERS NIRCam-selected Galaxies at $\boldsymbol{z \simeq 8-10}$

Pablo Arrabal Haro, Mark Dickinson|arXiv (Cornell University)|Apr 11, 2023
Astronomy and Astrophysical Research被引用 11
一句话总结

本文使用 JWST/NIRSpec 棱镜光谱来确认四个 CEERS NIRCam 选定的 z>8 天文星系,利用发射线得到 redshift 7.65–8.64,利用连贯断点得到 9.77–10.01,并评估光度计量的光变误差与对早期星系总体的含义。

ABSTRACT

We present JWST/NIRSpec prism spectroscopy of seven galaxies selected from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey (CEERS) NIRCam imaging with photometric redshifts z_phot>8. We measure emission line redshifts of z=7.65 and 8.64 for two galaxies, and z=9.77(+0.37,-0.29) and 10.01(+0.14,-0.19) for two others via the detection of continuum breaks consistent with Lyman-alpha opacity from a mostly neutral intergalactic medium. The presence (absense) of strong breaks (strong emission lines) give high confidence that these two galaxies are at z>9.6, but the break-derived redshifts have large uncertainties given the low spectral resolution and relatively low signal-to-noise of the CEERS NIRSpec prism data. The two z~10 sources are relatively luminous (M_UV<-20), with blue continua (-2.38 candidates with CEERS NIRSpec spectroscopy do not have secure redshifts, but the absence of emission lines in their spectra is consistent with redshifts z>9.6. We find that z>8 photometric redshifts are generally in agreement (within uncertainties) with the spectroscopic values. However, the photometric redshifts tend to be slightly overestimated (average Delta(z)=0.50+/-0.12), suggesting that current templates do not fully describe the spectra of very high-z sources. Overall, our results solidifies photometric evidence for a high space density of bright galaxies at z>8 compared to theoretical model predictions, and further disfavors an accelerated decline in the integrated UV luminosity density at z>8.

研究动机与目标

  • 用光谱红移验证 CEERS NIRCam 成像筛选的高红偏星系候选对象。
  • 利用 NIRSpec 棱镜数据中的发射线和 Lyα 连续断点测量红移。
  • 评估 z>8 星系的光度计学 photometric 红移的可靠性及其对宇宙星形成历史的影响。
  • 将光谱学结果与理论预测进行比较,以评估 z>8 的 UV 光度密度”。

提出的方法

  • 从 CEERS NIRCam 成像中筛选 z>8 的星系候选对象,并进行基于 MSA 的 NIRSpec 棱镜观测。
  • 通过 JWST 流程线对 NIRSpec 数据进行降噪,执行自定义的一维光谱提取,并应用狭缝损失校正。
  • 在检测到时从 [O III] 5008 发射线测量红移,并通过三种 Lyα 断点拟合方法(MCMC1、MCMC2 和基于 eazy 的方法)从 Lyα 断点测量红移。
  • 使用顶帽滤波的棱镜光谱结合 eazy 推导基于 Lyα 断点的红移,并与发射线红移进行比较。
  • 以具有安全 [O III] 红移的对照样本标定 Lyα 断点方法,以评估准确性和散布。
Figure 1: F277W 2 ${}^{\prime\prime}\times 2^{\prime\prime}$ cutouts of the seven NIRCam-selected $z>8$ candidates included in CEERS epoch 3 NIRSpec MSA observations with the NIRSpec MSA shutter positions overlaid.
Figure 1: F277W 2 ${}^{\prime\prime}\times 2^{\prime\prime}$ cutouts of the seven NIRCam-selected $z>8$ candidates included in CEERS epoch 3 NIRSpec MSA observations with the NIRSpec MSA shutter positions overlaid.

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在 epoch 3 NIRSpec 观测中识别的 CEERS NIRCam 选取的 z>8 银河的光谱红移是多少?
  • RQ2在低分辨率棱镜数据中,发射线得到的红移与来自 Lyα 连续断点的红移相比有何差异?
  • RQ3当以 JWST 的光谱测量为参照时,z>8 银河的光度测定 photometric 红移有多可靠?
  • RQ4这些光谱确认对早期宇宙中明亮星系的空间密度和 UV 光度密度意味为何?

主要发现

  • 观测到四个 z>8 CEERS 银河;其中两者有发射线给出 z≈7.65–8.64,另外两者显示出与 z>9.6 相符合的強烈連續斷。
  • 从 Lyα 断点拟合推断的各自为 z≈9.77 和 z≈10.01,由于光谱分辨率和信噪比而存在较大不确定性。
  • 这两颗约为 z≈10 的源相对明亮(MUV < -20),具有蓝色连续谱和低尘埃衰减(AV ~ 0.15)。
  • 总体而言,z>8 的光度学红移在光谱红移方面大体一致,但平均略高估(Δz ≈ 0.45)。
  • 光谱数据支持 z>8 的明亮星系具有较高的空间密度,并且反对某些模型下 z>8 的 UV 光度密度迅速下降的说法。
  • 跨越 z>8 的 CEERS NIRSpec 样本的混淆星(interloper)率较低(约 8%)。
Figure 2: Ly $\alpha$ break redshift estimations for CEERS sources at $z>6.6$ with detections of both the Ly $\alpha$ break and emission lines in NIRSpec prism spectra. Several different break redshift measurements are compared to the redshifts derived from the [O iii ]5008 line, here taken as the f
Figure 2: Ly $\alpha$ break redshift estimations for CEERS sources at $z>6.6$ with detections of both the Ly $\alpha$ break and emission lines in NIRSpec prism spectra. Several different break redshift measurements are compared to the redshifts derived from the [O iii ]5008 line, here taken as the f

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