[论文解读] Squarks and Sleptons are not needed for the SSM. They can be, and they should be, transformed away
本文提出了一种新的超对称标准模型(SSM)形式化,通过用齐恩源和反ghost场替代标量夸克(squarks)和标量轻子(sleptons),从而消除这些场,同时通过无超荷的主方程(Master Equation)保持超对称性。该理论避免了宇宙学常数问题、自然的味改变中性流以及显式的软对称性破缺项,同时预测在13.4 TeV处存在两个重希格斯玻色子,以及质量简并的胶子介子(gauginos)/希格斯ino(higgsinos)。
An earlier paper showed that it is possible to write down new SUSY Actions in which it is not possible to define a Supersymmetry Charge. SUSY is defined in these new Actions by the fact that they satisfy Master Equations. The new SUSY Actions are very easy to write down. One simply takes a Chiral SUSY Action, coupled to Gauge and other Chiral Multiplets, and even SuperGravity, if desired. Then one creates a new Action from this by exchanging all or part of the Scalar Field $S$ for a new Zinn Source $J$, and the corresponding part of the Zinn Source $\Gamma$ for a new Antighost Field $\eta$. Since the original Action satisfies a Master Equation, this exchange guarantees that the new Action will satisfy the new Master Equation. As was shown in the earlier paper, the new multiplets have fewer bosonic degrees of freedom than fermionic degrees of freedom. This is possible because they do not have a Supercharge. The resulting new SSM has no need for Squarks or Sleptons. It does not need spontaneous breaking of SUSY, so that the cosmological constant problem does not arise (at least at tree level). It mimics the usual non-supersymmetric Standard Model very well, and the absence of large flavour changing neutral currents is natural. There is no need for a hidden sector, or a messenger sector, or explicit `soft' breaking of SUSY. Spontaneous Gauge Symmetry Breaking implies the existence of two new very heavy Higgs Bosons with mass 13.4 TeV, slightly smaller than the energy of the LHC at 14 TeV. There is also a curious set of Gauginos and Higgsinos which have exactly the same masses as the Higgs and Gauge Bosons. These do not couple to the Quarks and Leptons, except through the Higgs and Gauge Bosons.
研究动机与目标
- 通过使用齐恩源和反ghost场重新定义理论,消除超对称标准模型(SSM)中对标量夸克和标量轻子的需求。
- 构建一种不依赖超荷的超对称理论,转而通过主方程实现超对称性。
- 通过避免自发超对称性破缺,在树图层次上解决宇宙学常数问题。
- 自然地抑制味改变中性流,而无需引入隐藏或中介扇区。
- 预测新的重希格斯玻色子以及仅通过希格斯和规范玻色子耦合的质量简并胶子介子/希格斯ino。
提出的方法
- 将规范超多重态作用量中的标量场 S 替换为齐恩源 J,同时将有效作用量 Γ 中的对应部分替换为反ghost场 η。
- 由于原始作用量已满足原始主方程,新作用量通过构造方式满足新的主方程。
- 使用巴塔林-维利科夫斯基形式化(Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism)以保持新作用量的规范不变性和一致性。
- 构建新多重态时,其玻色自由度少于费米子自由度,因为它们不具有超荷。
- 将新作用量耦合至规范多重态,可选地耦合至超引力,同时保持可重整化和规范不变性。
- 证明新理论在行为上模仿非超对称标准模型,同时避免了标准超对称理论中的典型问题。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1能否通过使用齐恩源和反ghost场,在无超荷的情况下实现超对称性?
- RQ2用齐恩源替代标量夸克和标量轻子是否能消除软对称性破缺项和宇宙学常数问题?
- RQ3能否构建一个一致的SSM,自然避免味改变中性流?
- RQ4在此新形式化中,新希格斯粒子和胶子介子/希格斯ino态的质量预测为何?
- RQ5新重希格斯玻色子与质量简并的胶子介子/希格斯ino如何与夸克和轻子相互作用?
主要发现
- 新SSM形式化通过用齐恩源和反ghost场替代标量夸克和标量轻子,成功消除了这些场,从而构建出一个不具超荷的理论。
- 该理论满足新的主方程,确保了超对称性,而无需依赖超荷或自发破缺。
- 由于不需自发超对称性破缺,宇宙学常数问题在树图层次上被避免。
- 预测存在两个新的希格斯玻色子,质量为13.4 TeV,略低于LHC的最大能量14 TeV。
- 发现一组胶子介子和希格斯ino的质量与希格斯和规范玻色子完全相同,且仅通过这些粒子耦合。
- 味改变中性流的缺失是自然的,无需额外的扇区或对称性。
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