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[论文解读] Synthesis of anisotropic suboptimal controllers via convex optimization

M. M. Tchaikovsky, Alexander P. Kurdyukov|arXiv (Cornell University)|Aug 25, 2011
Stability and Control of Uncertain Systems参考文献 63被引用 6
一句话总结

该论文提出了一种基于凸优化的方法,用于在概率分布不确定的随机扰动下,为离散时间线性系统设计各向异性的次优控制器。通过使用相对熵和各向异 norm 对问题进行公式化,该方法可得到一组固定阶次的动态输出反馈控制器,这些控制器能够稳定系统并保持扰动抑制低于某一阈值,且在完全信息、全阶输出反馈和静态输出反馈情况下均可获得凸解。

ABSTRACT

This paper considers a disturbance attenuation problem for a linear discrete time invariant system under random disturbances with imprecisely known probability distributions. The statistical uncertainty is measured in terms of relative entropy using the mean anisotropy functional. The disturbance attenuation capabilities of the system are quantified by the anisotropic norm which is a stochastic counterpart of the H∞ norm. The designed anisotropic suboptimal controller generally is a dynamic fixed-order outputfeedback compensator which is required to stabilize the closed-loop system and keep its anisotropic norm below a prescribed threshold value. Rather than resulting in a unique controller, the suboptimal design procedure yields a family of controllers thereby providing additional degrees of freedom to closed-loop design. The general fixed-order synthesis procedure implies solving a convex inequality on the determinant of a positive definite matrix and two linear matrix inequalities in inverse matrices which make the general optimization problem nonconvex. By applying the known standard convexification procedures it is shown that the resulting optimization problem is convex for the full-information statefeedback, output-feedback full-order controllers, and static output-feedback controller for specific classes of plants defined by certain structural properties. In the convex cases, the anisotropic -optimal controllers are obtained by minimizing the squared norm threshold value subject to convex constraints. In a sense, the anisotropic controller seems to offer a promising and flexible trade-off between H2 and H∞ controllers which are its limiting cases. In comparison with the state-space solution to anisotropic optimal controller synthesis problem presented before which results in a unique full-order estimator-based controller defined by a complex system of cross-coupled nonlinear matrix algebraic equations, the proposed optimization-based approach is novel and does not require developing specific homotopy-like computational algorithms.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决在概率分布不精确已知的随机扰动下,离散时间线性系统的扰动抑制问题。
  • 使用各向异 norm 量化系统鲁棒性,该 norm 是 H∞ norm 的随机推广。
  • 设计一组固定阶次的动态输出反馈控制器,以保证闭环系统稳定并满足预设的各向异 norm 阈值。
  • 开发一种计算上可行的方法,避免先前状态空间解法中使用的复杂同伦算法。
  • 为特定控制器结构建立凸优化公式,实现次优控制器的高效计算。

提出的方法

  • 通过平均各向异度泛函使用相对熵来建模统计不确定性。
  • 将扰动抑制定义为各向异 norm,作为 H∞ norm 的随机对应量。
  • 将控制器设计公式化为一个关于正定矩阵行列式的凸不等式,以及两个关于逆矩阵的线性矩阵不等式。
  • 应用标准凸化技术,将非凸问题转化为特定控制器类别的凸问题。
  • 通过最小化平方范数阈值并满足凸约束来求解所得的凸优化问题。
  • 通过凸优化获得各向异性的次优控制器,避免求解复杂的非线性矩阵方程。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否为在统计不确定性下的次优各向异控制器综合建立一个凸优化框架?
  • RQ2如何有效利用各向异 norm 来量化具有不精确已知噪声分布的系统中的扰动抑制性能?
  • RQ3在何种系统与控制器结构条件下,可使非凸设计问题实现凸化?
  • RQ4在何种情况下,所提方法能产生一组控制器而非唯一解?
  • RQ5与基于交叉耦合非线性方程的先前状态空间方法相比,该方法在计算和结构上表现如何?

主要发现

  • 所提方法可得到一组各向异性的次优控制器,相比唯一解提供了额外的设计灵活性。
  • 在完全信息、全阶输出反馈以及特定静态输出反馈情况下,优化问题变为凸问题,可通过标准凸优化技术求解。
  • 各向异控制器在 H2 和 H∞ 性能之间提供了灵活的权衡,是两者的随机推广。
  • 该方法避免了先前状态空间解法所需的同伦类算法,简化了计算过程。
  • 该方法基于在凸约束下最小化平方范数阈值,支持高效的数值实现。
  • 通过在非凸问题结构上应用标准凸化程序实现凸性,该方法在特定系统结构假设下有效。

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