[论文解读] Technological Factors Influencing Videoconferencing and Zoom Fatigue
本文对导致视频会议疲劳(VCF)的技术因素进行了全面、基于证据的分析,扩展了一个包含个人、组织、环境和技术因素的四维概念模型。研究识别并评估了与技术相关的压力子维度——如感知负荷、通信流中断、自我关注和可用性问题——并采用混合方法证据进行分析,但大多数主张仅得到有限的客观(性能/生理)数据支持,凸显未来研究需进一步加强验证。
The paper presents a conceptual, multidimensional approach to understand the technological factors that are assumed to or even have been proven to contribute to what has been coined as Zoom Fatigue (ZF) or more generally Videoconferencing Fatigue (VCF). With the advent of the Covid-19 pandemic, the usage of VC services has drastically increased, leading to more and more reports about the ZF or VCF phenomenon. The paper is motivated by the fact that some of the media outlets initially starting the debate on what Zoom fatigue is and how it can be avoided, as well as some of the scientific papers addressing the topic, contain assumptions that are rather hypothetical and insufficiently underpinned by scientific evidence. Most of these works are acknowledge the lacking evidence and partly suggest directions for future research. This paper intends to deepen the survey of VC-technology-related literature and to provide more existing evidence, where possible, while reviewing some of the already provided support or evidence for certain causal hypotheses. The technological factors dimension and its identified sub-dimensions presented in this paper are embedded within a more holistic four-dimensional conceptual factors model describing the causes for ZF or VCF. The paper describing this overall conceptual model is written by the same group of authors and currently under revision for an Open Access Journal publication. The present paper expands on the technological factors dimension descriptions provided in the overall model paper and provides more detailed analyzes and concepts associated with how VC technology may affect users' perception, cognitive load, interaction and communication, possibly leading to stress, exhaustion and fatigue. The paper currently is a living document which will be expanded further with regard to the evidence for or against the impact of certain technological factors.
研究动机与目标
- 系统性地调查并分类导致视频会议疲劳(VCF)的技术因素,超越轶事或假设性主张。
- 在更广泛的VCF四维概念模型背景下,提供技术维度的详细、基于证据的分析。
- 评估每项技术因素与疲劳或认知负荷关联的证据强度和类型(例如,基于问卷、性能、生理数据)。
- 识别现有研究中的空白,特别是除自报问卷外,客观实证数据的匮乏。
- 通过引入新的子维度和更精细的分类,扩展技术因素框架,为未来研究奠定基础。
提出的方法
- 采用源自先前研究的四步概念分析流程,包括关键词和文献搜索、分类以及通过专家讨论进行迭代优化。
- 将先前概念模型(Raake et al., 2023)中的技术因素维度进一步拓展,聚焦于子维度:与展示相关的因素、与通信相关的因素、与自我相关的因素以及与可用性相关的因素。
- 对现有文献和实证研究进行批判性回顾,以评估每项因素的证据强度和类型(主观、基于性能、或生理)。
- 应用技术压力理论(Tarafdar et al.)和人-环境匹配模型等理论框架,解释可用性和压力相关影响。
- 采用动态文档方法,计划未来通过纳入新证据和扩展因素列表进行修订。
- 按证据类型进行分类:问卷调查(最常见)、基于性能的、基于生理的(罕见),以评估有效性并减少偏倚担忧。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1哪些视频会议中的技术因素在实证上与认知负荷或疲劳增加相关?
- RQ2感知需求(如视觉和听觉处理)如何导致视频会议疲劳?
- RQ3VC系统中的通信与互动中断在多大程度上增加了心理负担和疲劳?
- RQ4自我相关因素(如自我意识和自我监控)如何影响用户在视频会议中的疲劳感?
- RQ5系统可用性和用户控制在多大程度上会引发技术压力并导致后续疲劳?
主要发现
- 仅有少数视频会议中的技术因素在实证上被证明与疲劳有关,大多数证据来自自报问卷。
- 感知因素(如视觉和听觉努力、屏幕尺寸、视频质量)常被列为疲劳的贡献因素,但客观验证仍有限。
- 与通信相关的中断(如轮流发言困难、音频延迟)与认知负荷增加和心理疲劳相关,尤其在长时间会议中更为明显。
- 自我相关因素(如自我意识和自我关注)被识别为重要贡献因素,尤其当用户持续处于画面中时更为显著。
- 可用性问题(如功能缺失、界面设计不佳、技术不可靠)与技术压力及用户耗竭密切相关,但仅有少数研究使用生理指标来证实这一点。
- 本研究凸显了客观证据的关键缺口,仅有少数研究使用性能或生理数据(如唾液淀粉酶水平)来验证关于疲劳和压力的主张。
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