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[论文解读] Tensor renormalization group approach to critical phenomena via symmetry-twisted partition functions

Shinichiro Akiyama, Raghav G. Jha|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 6, 2026
Quantum many-body systems被引用 0
一句话总结

该论文使用张量重整化群(TRG)来计算对称扭曲的分区函数,从而在Ising和O(2)模型中检测自发对称性破缺(Symmetry Breaking, SSB)和临界现象,包括BKT转变。

ABSTRACT

The locality of field theories strongly constrains the possible behaviors of symmetry-twisted partition functions, and thus they serve as order parameters to detect low-energy realizations of global symmetries, such as spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB). We demonstrate that the tensor renormalization group (TRG) offers an efficient framework to compute the symmetry-twisted partition functions, which enables us to detect the symmetry-breaking transition and also to study associated critical phenomena. As concrete examples of SSB, we investigate the two-dimensional (2D) classical Ising model and the three-dimensional (3D) classical $O(2)$ nonlinear sigma model, and we identify their critical points solely from the twisted partition function. By employing the finite-size scaling argument, we find the critical temperature $T_c=2.2017(2)$ with the critical exponent $ν= 0.663(33)$ for the 3D $O(2)$ model. In addition, we also study the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) criticality of the 2D classical $O(2)$ model by extracting the helicity modulus from the twisted partition functions, and we obtain the BKT transition temperature, $T_{\mathrm{BKT}}=0.8928(2)$.

研究动机与目标

  • 研究对称扭曲分区函数如何约束并揭示全局对称性的低能实现。
  • 证明TRG能够高效计算扭曲分区函数以检测SSB与临界性。
  • 从扭曲分区函数中提取代表性模型的临界点和 universality 数据。
  • 通过扭曲分区得到的螺旋模量研究二维O(2)模型的BKT转变。

提出的方法

  • 将分区函数表示为张量网并通过对称堵塞实现就地全局对称性约束。
  • 通过在TRG 收缩中应用扭曲边界条件来扭曲 Z_g0(tTr_g0)。
  • 通过对称分区的块对角化将扭曲贡献和未扭曲贡献分离(Z_g0 与 Z1)。
  • 对 Z_g0/Z1 进行有限尺寸尺度分析以提取临界温度 T_c 和临界指数(如 nu)。
  • 对于 O(2) 模型,将扭曲引发的响应与螺旋模量联系起来以获得 BKT 物理。
Figure 1: $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ in the 2D Ising model. The vertical dashed line indicates the exact critical point $T_{c}=2/(\log(1+\sqrt{2}))$ . The horizontal dashed line denotes the exact value of $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ for the 2D Ising CFT, which is given by Eq. ( IV.2 ). The computation is done by the BTRG wi
Figure 1: $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ in the 2D Ising model. The vertical dashed line indicates the exact critical point $T_{c}=2/(\log(1+\sqrt{2}))$ . The horizontal dashed line denotes the exact value of $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ for the 2D Ising CFT, which is given by Eq. ( IV.2 ). The computation is done by the BTRG wi

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1对称扭曲分区函数是否能作为离散与连续对称性情形下SSB的鲁棒序参量?
  • RQ2TRG 是否能高效计算 Z_g0/Z1 以定位临界点并确定普适数据?
  • RQ3临界性时由 CFT 预测的 Z_g0/Z1 的普适值是多少,且与 TRG 结果有何比较?
  • RQ4如何通过扭曲分区函数得到螺旋模量并探测二维 O(2) 模型中的 BKT 转变?

主要发现

  • 对于二维Ising,Z_{-1}/Z_{1} 的交叉在 T_c 收敛,并与二维Ising CFT 预测一致。
  • 在三维 O(2) 中,该方法确定临界温度 T_c = 2.2017(2) 与相关长度指数 nu = 0.663(33)。
  • 在二维 O(2) 中,能从扭曲分区中提取的螺旋模量捕捉到 BKT 转变温度 T_BKT = 0.8928(2)。
  • 扭曲分区函数比作为清晰的SSB序参量,能够在大体积下区分对称相与破缺相。
  • 带对称堵塞的TRG能够逐 sector 实现扭曲并在粗化过程中保持对称约束,从而实现准确的普适数据提取。
Figure 2: $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ as a function of $\log_{2}L$ in the 2D Ising model, with the temperature deviation $\Delta T=1.0\times 10^{-6}$ from the critical point. The horizontal dashed line denotes the exact value of $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ for 2D Ising CFT. The computation is done by the BTRG with the bond d
Figure 2: $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ as a function of $\log_{2}L$ in the 2D Ising model, with the temperature deviation $\Delta T=1.0\times 10^{-6}$ from the critical point. The horizontal dashed line denotes the exact value of $Z_{-1}/Z_{1}$ for 2D Ising CFT. The computation is done by the BTRG with the bond d

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