[论文解读] The Design Principle of Blockchain: An Initiative for the SoK of SoKs

Luyao Zhang|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 1, 2023

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security被引用 11

一句话总结

该论文综述区块链作为 CPSS 信任引擎的设计原则，提供对 SoK 的 SoKs 的分析，涵盖过去的承诺、现有分类法，以及需要跨学科解决方案的未来差距。

ABSTRACT

Blockchain, also coined as decentralized AI, has the potential to empower AI to be more trustworthy by creating a decentralized trust of privacy, security, and audibility. However, systematic studies on the design principle of blockchain as a trust engine for an integrated society of cyber-physical-social-system (CPSS) are still absent. In this article, we provide an initiative for seeking the design principle of blockchain for a better digital world. Using a hybrid method of qualitative and quantitative studies, we examine the past origin, the current development, and the future directions of blockchain design principles. We have three findings. First, the answer to whether blockchain lives up to its original design principle as a distributed database is controversial. Second, the current development of the blockchain community reveals a taxonomy of 7 categories, namely, privacy and security, scalability, decentralization, applicability, governance and regulation, system design, and cross-chain interoperability. Both research and practice are more centered around the first category of privacy and security and the fourth category of applicability. Future scholars, practitioners, and policy-makers have vast opportunities in other, much less exploited facets and the synthesis at the interface of multiple aspects. Finally, in counter-examples, we conclude that a synthetic solution that crosses discipline boundaries is necessary to close the gaps between the current design of blockchain and the design principle of a trust engine for a truly intelligent world.

研究动机与目标

• 评估区块链是否实现了其最初的分布式数据库设计原则。
• 将当前的文献、行业实践和标准映射到区块链设计原则的七类分类法。
• 识别当前区块链设计与面向智能世界的真正信任引擎之间的差距。
• 提出跨学科、综合性解决方案以弥合所识别的差距。

提出的方法

• 对区块链起源、发展及未来方向的混合定性定量分析。
• 通过审阅涵盖七个类别的 SoKs 与白皮书来构建分类法。
• 对 SoKs 与白皮书的标题/摘要进行 NLP 辅助文本分析（词云与二元组）。
• 基于案例的设计原则差距讨论以及对单一学科解决方案的反例。
• 可在 GitHub 上获取用于复现的开放数据与代码。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 区块链是否如原初设计原则所述，作为分布式数据库得到实现？
• RQ2 当前区块链文献、行业实践与全球标准如何制定和发展区块链设计原则？
• RQ3 当前区块链设计与面向真正智能世界的信任引擎设计原则之间存在哪些差距？

主要发现

• 区块链是否符合分布式数据库原则的问题存在争议。
• 呈现出七类分类法：隐私与安全、可扩展性、去中心化、适用性、治理与监管、系统设计，以及跨链互操作性。
• 当前的工作与实践主要集中在隐私/安全和适用性方面，其他类别的机会尚未充分开发。
• 需要合成的跨学科解决方案，将区块链设计与更广泛的信任引擎愿景对齐。
• 本文主张跨学科协作，以实现真正的智能、治理驱动的区块链未来。