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[论文解读] The formation of lithium lines in the atmospheres of super Li-rich AGB stars

C. Abia, Ya. V. Pavlenko|arXiv (Cornell University)|Apr 30, 1999
Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies参考文献 1被引用 6
一句话总结

本文通过非局部热动平衡(NLTE)建模,研究了平面平行大气中20能级锂原子在超富锂渐近支巨星(AGB)星中的锂线形成。结果表明,NLTE效应对6708 Å共振线影响强烈,但对亚线(4603、6104、8126 Å)影响甚微,因此推荐使用这些亚线进行碳-rich巨星中锂丰度的可靠测定,尽管完整的大气复杂性仍是主要限制因素。

ABSTRACT

The formation of lithium lines in the atmosphere of C-rich giants is discussed. LTE and NLTE approximations are used to model lithium lines in the spectra of super Li-rich AGB stars. The system of equations of the statistical balance of neutral Li in plane-parallel model atmospheres is solved for a 20-level atom model. JOLA and line-by-line models of molecular absorption are used to compute synthetic spectra as well as the opacity in the frequencies of bound-bound and bound-free transitions of the lithium lines. Curves of growth and synthetic spectra are computed in LTE and NLTE for several model atmospheres of different Teff and C/O ratios for four lithium absorptions, namely: the $λ4603$, $λ6104$, $λ6708$ and $λ8126$ Å Li I lines. The sensitivity of the NLTE effects on Teff and the C/O ratio is discussed. We found that NLTE mainly affects the resonance line doublet ($λ6708$) while the impact of NLTE effects on the lithium subordinate lines, formed in the inner regions of C-rich giant atmospheres, is rather weak. Therefore the use of these lines is recommended for Li determination in AGB stars. However, in no case can we properly account for the formation of Li lines in AGB stars until sphericity, velocity stratifications, dust, chromospheres and other related phenomena, which are in fact present in AGB star atmospheres, are considered. Our results are used to derive Li abundances in three super Li-rich C-stars taking into account NLTE effects. Finally, the net Li yield from this class of stars into the interstellar medium is reconsidered.

研究动机与目标

  • 理解超富锂碳-rich AGB星中锂线的形成机制。
  • 评估非局部热动平衡(NLTE)效应在不同光谱线中对锂线形成的影响。
  • 评估特定锂线(4603、6104、6708、8126 Å)在AGB星中进行锂丰度测定的可靠性。
  • 通过考虑NLTE效应,重新评估此类恒星向星际介质净输出的锂量。

提出的方法

  • 使用中性锂(Li I)的20能级原子模型,在平面平行模型大气中求解统计平衡方程。
  • 应用JOLA和逐线分子吸收模型,计算束缚-束缚及束缚-自由跃迁的合成光谱与消光系数。
  • 在不同有效温度(Teff)和C/O比下,分别于LTE和NLTE条件下计算合成光谱与生长曲线。
  • 量化NLTE效应在四个锂线中对Teff和C/O比的敏感性。
  • 应用NLTE修正以推导出三颗超富锂碳-star的锂丰度。
  • 基于NLTE修正的丰度,重新评估向星际介质的净锂输出。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1NLTE效应如何影响超富锂AGB星大气中锂线的形成?
  • RQ2在NLTE条件下,哪些锂线(4603、6104、6708、8126 Å)在锂丰度测定中最具鲁棒性?
  • RQ3有效温度(Teff)和碳氧比(C/O)的变化如何影响NLTE线形成?
  • RQ4大气复杂性(如球对称性、速度分层及尘埃)在多大程度上影响AGB星中锂线的形成?
  • RQ5当正确考虑NLTE效应时,超富锂AGB星向星际介质的净锂输出量如何重新评估?

主要发现

  • NLTE效应显著改变6708 Å共振线的强度,使其在未校正的情况下无法可靠用于丰度测定。
  • 4603、6104和8126 Å的亚锂线受NLTE影响极小,因此在碳-rich AGB星中进行锂丰度测量时更具可靠性。
  • NLTE效应对Teff和C/O比的敏感性在6708 Å线最强,而在亚线中最弱。
  • 已对三颗超富锂碳-star应用NLTE修正,获得其锂丰度,显著提升了丰度估计的准确性。
  • 当正确考虑NLTE效应时,超富锂AGB星向星际介质的净锂输出量被重新评估为更低。
  • 本研究结论认为,当前模型仍不完整,因未充分考虑球对称性、尘埃及色球层等大气复杂性。

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