[论文解读] The implications of institutional specificities on the income inequalities drivers in European Union

Ionuț Jianu, Ion Dobre+3 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 20, 2020

Regional Development and Policy被引用 31

一句话总结

本文将欧盟成员国按包容性制度与提取性制度进行聚类，并使用固定效应面板 EGLS 来评估收入不平等驱动因素在各自簇内对基尼系数的影响。

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to review the different impacts of income inequality drivers on the Gini coefficient, depending on institutional specificities. In this context, we divided the European Union member states in two clusters (the cluster of member states with inclusive institutions / extractive institutions) using the institutional pillar as a clustering criterion. In both cases, we assesed the impact of income inequality drivers on Gini coefficient by using a fixed effects model in order to examine the role and importance of the institutions in the dynamics of income disparities.The models were estimated by applying the Panel Estimated Generalized Least Squares (EGLS) method, this being weighted by Cross-section weights option. The separate assessment of the income inequality reactivity to the change in its determinants according to the institutional criterion represents a new approach in this field of research and the results show that the impact of moderating income inequality strategies is limitedin the case of member states with extractive institutions.

研究动机与目标

• 推动研究制度背景如何影响欧盟收入不平等的决定因素。
• 将欧盟成员国基于制度支柱（包容性 vs. 提取性）分为两类。
• 在每个制度簇内评估收入不平等驱动因素对基尼系数的影响。
• 评估制度特征是否调节减缓不平等的策略的有效性。

提出的方法

• 使用固定效应模型来检验制度在收入不平等动态中的作用与重要性。
• 使用 Panel Estimated Generalized Least Squares (EGLS) 加权的横截面权重来估计模型。
• 采用基于簇的方法比较包容性制度与提取性制度体制的结果。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 收入不平等驱动因素如何影响欧盟成员国的基尼系数？
• RQ2 这些驱动因素的影响在拥有包容性制度的国家与拥有提取性制度的国家之间是否存在差异？
• RQ3 制度特征是否调节旨在减少收入不平等的政策的有效性？

主要发现

• 在两个制度簇中，驱动因素会影响基尼系数，但幅度和显著性在各簇之间存在差异。
• 对于拥有提取性制度的欧盟成员国，制度情境的调节效应有限。
• 一种新方法将对不平等对决定因素的反应评估按制度标准分离。
• 结果表明在提取性制度国家中，广义调节减不平等策略的有效性有限。