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[论文解读] The Sedentary Survey of Extreme High Energy Peaked BL Lacs III. Results from Optical Spectroscopy

S. Piranomonte, M. Perri|ArXiv.org|Apr 13, 2007
Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena参考文献 32被引用 36
一句话总结

本研究展示了针对Sedentary Survey(一个包含150个极端高能峰化BL Lacs的流量限制、统计完备样本)的专用光学谱线观测活动的结果。利用欧洲南方天文台(ESO)、KPNO和TNG的望远镜,作者实现了100%的光谱识别率,确定了36个新的红移值,并揭示了光学谱线斜率、射电光度与Ca H&K吸收线深度之间存在强烈相关性,证实了在高能喷流主导的源中,喷流辐射主导了光学波段的光输出。

ABSTRACT

The multi-frequency Sedentary Survey is a flux limited, statistically well-defined sample of highly X-ray dominated BL Lacertae objects (HBLs) which includes 150 sources. In this paper, the third of the series, we report the results of a dedicated optical spectroscopy campaign that, together with results from other independent optical follow up programs, led to the spectroscopic identification of all sources in the sample. We carried out a systematic spectroscopic campaign for the observation of all unidentified objects of the sample using the ESO 3.6m, the KPNO 4m, and the TNG optical telescopes. We present new identifications and optical spectra for 76 sources, 50 of which are new BL Lac objects, 18 are sources previously referred as BL Lacs but for which no redshift information was available, and 8 are broad emission lines AGNs. We find that the multi-frequency selection technique used to build the survey is highly efficient (about 90%) in selecting BL Lacs objects. We present positional and spectroscopic information for all confirmed BL Lac objects. Our data allowed us to determined 36 redshifts out of the 50 new BL Lacs and 5 new redshifts for the previously known objects. The redshift distribution of the complete sample is presented and compared with that of other BL Lacs samples. For 26 sources without recognizable absorption features, we calculated lower limits to the redshift using a method based on simulated optical spectra with different ratios between jet and galaxy emission. For a subsample of 38 object with high-quality spectra, we find a correlation between the optical spectral slope, the 1.4 GHz radio luminosity, and the Ca H&K break value, indicating that for powerful/beamed sources the optical light is dominated by the non-thermal emission from the jet.

研究动机与目标

  • 实现对Sedentary Survey中150个极端高能峰化BL Lacs的多波段、流量限制样本中所有源的完整光谱识别。
  • 测定此前未测量的BL Lacs源的红移,并确认其BL Lacs性质。
  • 研究样本的光学谱线特性,特别是喷流辐射与宿主星系光的相对贡献。
  • 评估多波段选星技术在分离HBL源方面的效率。
  • 通过分析红移分布与谱线相关性,推断样本的宇宙学与物理特性。

提出的方法

  • 利用欧洲南方天文台(ESO)3.6米、KPNO 4米和TNG 3.6米望远镜,对Sedentary Survey中所有未识别源系统性地开展光谱观测活动。
  • 测量[O II]与[O III]发射线之间的光学谱线斜率(α^oii_oiii),并计算1.4 GHz射电光度(L_r)以供谱线分析。
  • 在静止系光谱中测定Ca H&K吸收线深度,以评估非热喷流辐射对宿主星系光的稀释程度。
  • 利用具有不同喷流-星系光度比的模拟光学光谱,为26个缺乏可识别吸收特征的源推导红移下限。
  • 将完整样本的红移分布与其它BL Lacs样本进行比较,以评估宇宙学演化特征。
  • 应用统计方法,将谱线特征(如Ca H&K吸收线深度)与射电光度及谱线斜率相关联,以推断喷流主导性。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1Sedentary Survey样本的光谱识别率是多少?多波段选星技术在分离HBL源方面的效率如何?
  • RQ2完整样本的红移分布是怎样的?与其它BL Lacs样本相比有何异同?
  • RQ3在样本中,光学谱线斜率如何与射电光度及Ca H&K吸收线深度相关?
  • RQ4在高能、束状喷流源中,光学波段的光输出在多大程度上由非热喷流辐射主导?
  • RQ5对于缺乏可检测吸收特征的源,其红移下限是多少?这些下限是如何推导的?

主要发现

  • Sedentary Survey中采用的多波段选星技术在筛选真实BL Lacs源方面效率极高,约为90%。
  • 光谱观测活动成功识别了样本中全部150个源,包括50个新发现的BL Lacs、18个此前未测红移的BL Lacs,以及8个具有宽发射线的AGN。
  • 作者为36个新BL Lacs确定了红移,为此前已知的5个源也获得了新的红移值,显著扩展了已知HBL样本的规模。
  • 对于26个缺乏可检测吸收特征的源,通过使用具有不同喷流-星系光度比的模拟光谱,推导出其红移下限。
  • 发现光学谱线斜率(α^oii_oiii)、1.4 GHz射电光度(L_r)与Ca H&K吸收线深度之间存在显著相关性,表明在高能、束状喷流源中,喷流辐射主导了光学波段的光输出。
  • 大多数源的Ca H&K吸收线深度值≤0.25,与非热喷流辐射强烈稀释宿主星系光的特征一致,进一步证实了样本中BL Lacs的HBL性质。

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