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[论文解读] Tunable Dynamic Speckle Generation for Random Illumination Microscopy

Lilian Magermans, Assia Benachir|arXiv (Cornell University)|Feb 27, 2026
Random lasers and scattering media被引用 0
一句话总结

作者提出一种用于动态斑点照明(DSI)和随机照明显微镜(RIM)的两性离子掺杂液晶器件,可产生独立、可调的动态斑点模式,分辨率在轴向达到 2 μm,横向提升约 1.5×,帧率最高可达 14 Hz。

ABSTRACT

Speckled illumination enhances widefield fluorescence microscopy by enabling optical sectioning and super resolution. In random illumination microscopy, sequences of speckled illumination patterns are used to excite fluorescent samples and images are reconstructed based on a statistical analysis of the intensity fluctuations. Although random illumination microscopy has been shown to give excellent performance, its widespread implementation is hindered by the high cost and complexity of the generation of suitable speckled illumination patterns, which is achieved using digital micro-mirror devices or spatial light modulators. Here, we present a zwitterion-doped liquid crystal (LC) device capable of generating independent, high-contrast speckle patterns with a tunable decorrelation time in the 0.1 s to 0.1 ms range under visible laser illumination. This LC-based dynamic speckle generator is applied to widefield random illumination fluorescence microscopy of tissue and cell samples, where it enables optical sectioning with a 2 micron axial resolution, and a 1.5-fold improvement in lateral spatial resolution. Owing to its low cost and simplicity, this LC speckle generator offers an attractive alternative to digital micro-mirror and spatial light modulator devices for implementing widefield random illumination microscopy.

研究动机与目标

  • 推动低成本、简单的方法生成高对比度、统计独立的斑点模式用于 DSI/RIM。
  • 演示一种两性离子掺杂的液晶器件,能够提供可调的斑点去相关时间。
  • 在生物样品中通过 DSI 和 RIM 展示光学分割与横向分辨率的提升。
  • 评估在宽场设置下的采集速度与实时成像潜力。

提出的方法

  • 在 20 μm 介质间距的器件中,用 ITO 电极填充两性离子掺杂的向列相液晶,形成在交流电场下的动态散射态。
  • 通过调整电场幅度和频率来控制斑点去相关时间 tau;tau 可在亚毫秒到数百毫秒之间可调。
  • 在后焦平面成像 LC 斑点模式,以在荧光激发时创建宽场斑点照明;使用高速相机记录荧光。
  • 用相关性 γ(t) 来量化去相关性,并拟合指数衰减以提取 tau。
  • 对层叠图像(Ī)和标准差图像(σ(I)) 进行平均处理以获得光学分割的 DSI 图像;应用 RIM 重建算法进一步提升分辨率。
Figure 1: Liquid crystal (LC) dynamic speckle generator. a) Images of the LC device in its OFF (no voltage applied) and ON (voltage applied) state. The active area is 10-by-10 mm. b) Experimental configuration used for imaging LC texture between crossed polarisers whilst applying an electric field a
Figure 1: Liquid crystal (LC) dynamic speckle generator. a) Images of the LC device in its OFF (no voltage applied) and ON (voltage applied) state. The active area is 10-by-10 mm. b) Experimental configuration used for imaging LC texture between crossed polarisers whilst applying an electric field a

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1两性离子掺杂的 LC 设备是否能够生成统计独立且去相关时间可精确调控的斑点模式,以用于 DSI/RIM?
  • RQ2在生物样品中使用基于 LC 的 DSI 以及后续的 RIM 处理可以实现哪些轴向(z)和横向分辨率的提升?
  • RQ3基于 LC 的 DSI 的采集速度极限(帧率)以及实现可靠光学分割所需的最佳帧数是多少?
  • RQ4与基于 SLM/DMD 的方法相比,LC 基态动态斑点照明在成本、复杂性和宽场斑点成像性能方面如何?

主要发现

  • 通过调整电场频率和幅度,斑点去相关时间 tau 可以从亚毫秒到数十毫秒乃至数百毫秒实现精确可调。
  • 在组织样本(小鼠肠空肠部)中实现了 DSI 的轴向分辨率 2 μm。
  • DSI 可实现光学分割,σ(I) 能抑制散焦区域并揭示三维特征;横向分辨率从 σ(I) 提升约 1.18×,经 RIM 处理可达约 1.5×提升。
  • 高速实现实现了最高 14 Hz 的 DSI 帧率(约 70 ms 内 100 帧),在相机极限下与实时成像假设相容。
  • LC 基 σ(I) 堆叠的 RIM 处理在对比度上实现约 2×提升,横向分辨率相较于均匀照明提升约 1.5×。
  • 珠珠/珠粒基准测试表明约需要 100 帧即可实现跨样本的可靠光学分割成像。
Figure 2: Dynamics of speckled illumination for widefield microscopy. a) Experimental setup. Speckled illumination is generated by a continuous laser ( $\uplambda$ =532 nm) which passes through the LC device followed by a thin diffuser which eliminates the zero-order. The LC is imaged on the back fo
Figure 2: Dynamics of speckled illumination for widefield microscopy. a) Experimental setup. Speckled illumination is generated by a continuous laser ( $\uplambda$ =532 nm) which passes through the LC device followed by a thin diffuser which eliminates the zero-order. The LC is imaged on the back fo

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