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[论文解读] Type II t-J model and shared antiferromagnetic spin coupling from Hund's rule in superconducting La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$

Hanbit Oh, Ya-Hui Zhang|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 28, 2023
Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism被引用 11
一句话总结

本文在高压下为 La3Ni2O7 提出了一种 Type II 双层 t-J 模型,表明 Hund’s 耦合介导层间自旋交换,并在高达 x≈0.5 的空洞掺杂量下仍能产生稳健的层间 s 波配对。

ABSTRACT

Recently, a 80 K superconductor was discovered in La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under high pressure. Density function theory (DFT) calculations identify $d_{x^2-y^2}$, $d_{z^2}$ as the active orbitals on the bilayer square lattice with a $d^{8-x}$ configuration of of Ni per site. One naive expectation is to describe this system in terms of a two-orbital t-J model. However, we emphasize the importance of Hund's coupling $J_H$ and the $x=0$ limit should be viewed as a spin-one Mott insulator. Especially, the significant Hund's coupling shares the inter-layer super-exchange $J_\perp$ of the $d_{z^2}$ orbital to the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital, an effect that cannot be captured by conventional perturbation or mean-field approaches. In this study, we first explore the limit where the $d_{z^2}$ orbital is Mott localized, dealing with a one-orbital bilayer t-J model focused on the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital. Notably, we find that strong inter-layer pairing survives up to $x=0.5$ hole doping driven by the transmitted $J_\perp$, which explains the existence of a high Tc superconductor in the experiment at this doping level. Next, we uncover the more realistic situation where the $d_{z^2}$ orbital is slightly hole-doped and cannot be simply integrated out. We take the $J_H ightarrow +\infty$ limit and propose a type II t-J model with four extit{spin-half} singlon ($d^7$) states and three extit{spin-one} doublon ($d^8$) states. Employing a parton mean-field approach, we recover similar results as in the one-orbital t-J model, but now with the effect of the $J_\perp$ automatically generated. We propose future experiments to electron dope the system to further enhance $T_c$.

研究动机与目标

  • 为具有两个活性 Ni 轨道(d_x2−y2 和 d_z2)的 La3Ni2O7 的超导性提供最小低能建模的动机。
  • 强调 Hund’s 耦合 J_H 在将层间交换 J_perp 共享给不同轨道中的作用。
  • 研究较大的 J_perp 与自旋态约束如何影响配对与超导性。
  • 探讨一个轨道被 Mott 局域化与两个轨道都活跃时的极限。
  • 将微观模型与高压下实验观测到的 Tc≈80 K 联系起来。

提出的方法

  • 在方格晶格上用两个 Ni 轨道构建双层双线性模型。
  • 利用奴隶玻色平均场理论推导并分析具有层间 J_perp 的单轨道 t-J 极限。
  • 在强 Hund’s 耦合下,引入具有四个自旋-1/2 单粒子态和三个自旋-1 双粒子态的 Type II t-J 模型。
  • 应用三费米子部分子构造以处理受约束的希尔伯特空间。
  • 进行自洽平均场解耦以获得层内和层间配对序参数。
  • 展示 J_perp 如何诱发从 d 波到层间 s 波配对的一阶转变。
Figure 1: (a) The schematics of the bilayer two-orbital model. The various $t,J$ ’s are introduced for the hoppings and interactions of two orbitals on square lattices. Importantly, a strong ferromagnetic Hund coupling $J_{H}$ transmits $J^{z}_{\perp}$ of the $d_{z^{2}}$ orbital to the $d_{x^{2}-y^{
Figure 1: (a) The schematics of the bilayer two-orbital model. The various $t,J$ ’s are introduced for the hoppings and interactions of two orbitals on square lattices. Importantly, a strong ferromagnetic Hund coupling $J_{H}$ transmits $J^{z}_{\perp}$ of the $d_{z^{2}}$ orbital to the $d_{x^{2}-y^{

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1 Hund’s 耦合是否能够在镍酸盐轨道之间共享层间交换?
  • RQ2在高空穴掺杂(x≈0.5)下,双层或 Type II t-J 框架是否能支持层间 s 波配对?
  • RQ3层间交换 J_perp 如何随掺杂变化影响配对对称性与强度?
  • RQ4当 d_z2 轨道在低能模型中为 Mott 局域化与否以及被适度掺杂时,会发生什么?
  • RQ5三费米子部分子构造是否能够再现实验观测到的配对物理?

主要发现

  • 双层单轨道 t-J 模型在强层间交换 J_perp 下,在 x 接近 0 时产生主导的层间 s 波配对,并在较大的 J_perp 下持续到 x≈0.5。
  • 随着 J_perp 增加,配对从 d 波向 s 波发生一阶转变。
  • 在大 J_perp 区间,层间配对间隙 Delta_perp 在 x=0.5 处保持有限,使 s 波配对的费米面完全开Gap。
  • 在 Type II t-J 模型中,来自两轨道的增强 J_perp 传给 emergent 的 d_x2−y2 轨道,甚至在没有 t_perp 时也如此。
  • 平均场结果与在约 50% 空洞掺杂下的高 Tc 超导实验观测相吻合,并显示层间配对对掺杂具有鲁棒性。
  • 该框架还预测在电子掺杂时 Tc 将进一步提高,指向实验方向。
Figure 2: (a-b) Zero temperature mean-field solutions of one-orbital t-J model. We plot the filling $x$ dependence of (a) intra-layer d-wave pairing, (b) inter-layer s-wave pairing within the slave-boson framework are shown at $t_{\parallel}^{x}=1$ , $J_{\parallel}^{x}=1/2$ . (c) $J_{\perp}$ depende
Figure 2: (a-b) Zero temperature mean-field solutions of one-orbital t-J model. We plot the filling $x$ dependence of (a) intra-layer d-wave pairing, (b) inter-layer s-wave pairing within the slave-boson framework are shown at $t_{\parallel}^{x}=1$ , $J_{\parallel}^{x}=1/2$ . (c) $J_{\perp}$ depende

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