[论文解读] URLLC and eMBB Coexistence in MIMO Non-orthogonal Multiple Access Systems
该论文提出了一种在MIMO-NOMA系统中实现URLLC与eMBB共存的联合用户选择与功率分配方案,采用动态用户聚类、Gale-Shapley匹配实现低复杂度用户选择,并基于逐次凸逼近(SCA)与D.C.规划的迭代功率分配算法。该方法在满足URLLC时延要求的前提下最大化eMBB数据速率,在频谱效率和可靠性方面优于基准方法。
Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and ultrareliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) are two major expected services in the fifth-generation mobile communication systems (5G). Specifically, eMBB applications support extremely high data rate communications, while URLLC services aim to provide stringent latency with high reliability communications. Due to their differentiated quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, the spectrum sharing between URLLC and eMBB services becomes a challenging scheduling issue. In this paper, we aim to investigate the URLLC and eMBB coscheduling/coexistence problem under a puncturing technique in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems. The objective function is formulated to maximize the data rate of eMBB users while satisfying the latency requirements of URLLC users through joint user selection and power allocation scheduling. To solve this problem, we first introduce an eMBB user clustering mechanism to balance the system performance and computational complexity. Thereafter, we decompose the original problem into two subproblems, namely the scheduling problem of user selection and power allocation. We introduce a Gale-Shapley (GS) theory to solve with the user selection problem, and a successive convex approximation (SCA) and a difference of convex (D.C.) programming to deal with the power allocation problem. Finally, an iterative algorithm is utilized to find the global solution with low computational complexity. Numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, and also verify the proposed approach outperforms other baseline methods.
研究动机与目标
- 解决5G网络中具有冲突QoS需求的超可靠低时延通信(URLLC)与增强移动宽带(eMBB)服务共存所面临的挑战。
- 在MIMO-NOMA系统中,在满足严格URLLC时延与可靠性约束的前提下,最大化eMBB数据速率。
- 通过动态eMBB用户聚类与基于打孔的资源共享机制,降低计算复杂度并提升频谱效率。
- 结合博弈论与凸优化技术,联合优化用户选择与功率分配。
提出的方法
- 提出一种动态最大-最小eMBB用户聚类机制,以平衡系统性能与计算复杂度。
- 应用Gale-Shapley匹配算法,以低复杂度和稳定匹配方式解决用户选择问题。
- 利用逐次凸逼近(SCA)与凸差(D.C.)规划方法,将功率分配问题分解为子问题。
- 设计一种结合SCA与D.C.规划的迭代算法,以低复杂度收敛至全局最优解。
- 采用打孔机制,使URLLC用户可中断正在进行的eMBB传输中的特定时隙。
- 使用线性速率损失模型量化因URLLC打孔导致的eMBB用户性能下降。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何在不牺牲eMBB频谱效率的前提下,高效调度MIMO-NOMA系统中的URLLC与eMBB服务?
- RQ2在MIMO-NOMA系统中,何种用户聚类策略可在URLLC-eMBB共存场景下平衡系统性能与计算复杂度?
- RQ3Gale-Shapley匹配算法能否在打孔型MIMO-NOMA环境中有效解决用户选择问题?
- RQ4在非凸约束条件下,如何优化功率分配以在满足URLLC时延要求的同时最大化eMBB速率?
- RQ5与基准方法相比,所提方案在频谱效率与可靠性方面的性能增益如何?
主要发现
- 所提方案在频谱效率方面显著优于基准方法,数值结果表明其在eMBB数据速率与URLLC可靠性方面均表现更优。
- 动态用户聚类机制有效降低了计算复杂度,同时保持了高水平的系统性能。
- 基于Gale-Shapley的用户选择实现了稳定且低复杂度的匹配,确保了URLLC的公平与高效接入。
- 基于迭代SCA与D.C.规划的功率分配算法以低计算成本收敛至全局最优解。
- 打孔机制实现了高效的资源复用,在最小化eMBB速率损失的同时满足了URLLC时延约束。
- 所提方法优于现有方案(如文献[7]),后者存在资源利用率低下且忽略QoS约束的问题。
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