[论文解读] Waveform Design and Performance Analysis for Full-Duplex Integrated Sensing and Communication
本文提出一种全双工集成感知与通信(FD-ISAC)波形,通过时分复用经典脉冲雷达波形与专用通信信号,实现高速通信和提升的感知性能。通过保持雷达波形的自相关特性并利用全双工操作,该方案在有效抑制自干扰的前提下,显著提升了通信频谱效率和目标检测概率,同时缓解了遮蔽(eclipsing)和盲区(blind range)问题。
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising technology to fully utilize the precious spectrum and hardware in wireless systems, which has attracted significant attentions recently. This paper studies ISAC for the important and challenging monostatic setup, where one single ISAC node wishes to simultaneously sense a radar target while communicating with a communication receiver. Different from most existing schemes that rely on either radar-centric half-duplex (HD) pulsed transmission with information embedding that suffers from extremely low communication rate, or communication-centric waveform that suffers from degraded sensing performance, we propose a novel full-duplex (FD) ISAC scheme that utilizes the waiting time of conventional pulsed radars to transmit dedicated communication signals. Compared to radar-centric pulsed waveform with information embedding, the proposed design can drastically increase the communication rate, and also mitigate the sensing eclipsing and near-target blind range issues, as long as the self-interference (SI) is effectively suppressed. On the other hand, compared to communication-centric ISAC waveform, the proposed design has better auto-correlation property as it preserves the classic radar waveform for sensing. Performance analysis is developed by taking into account the residual SI, in terms of the probability of detection and ambiguity function for sensing, as well as the spectrum efficiency for communication. Numerical results are provided to show the significant performance gain of our proposed design over benchmark schemes.
研究动机与目标
- 解决单基地集成感知与通信(ISAC)系统中通信速率与感知性能之间的权衡问题。
- 克服以雷达为中心的半双工方案通信速率低,以及以通信为中心的波形感知分辨率差的局限性。
- 设计一种全双工ISAC波形,在保持经典雷达波形自相关特性的同时支持高速通信。
- 分析在残留自干扰条件下的所提FD-ISAC方案性能,重点关注检测概率、模糊函数和频谱效率。
提出的方法
- 所提FD-ISAC波形在雷达等待间隔期间,时分复用传统脉冲雷达信号与专用通信信号。
- 采用线性调频(LFM)波形进行感知,保留其优异的自相关特性和距离分辨力。
- 通过具有正交扩频序列的脉冲整形函数,将通信符号嵌入雷达脉冲之间的时隙中。
- 系统模型考虑了残留自干扰,性能指标通过匹配滤波和信号干扰加噪声比(SINR)分析推导得出。
- 基于匹配滤波输出和残留干扰功率,推导出目标检测概率和模糊函数。
- 通过建模脉冲间隔期间传输的通信信号数据速率,评估频谱效率。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何利用全双工操作在不降低雷达感知性能的前提下,提升单基地ISAC系统的通信速率?
- RQ2残留自干扰对所提FD-ISAC波形检测概率和模糊函数有何影响?
- RQ3与以雷达为中心和以通信为中心的ISAC方案相比,所提波形在频谱效率和感知分辨率方面表现如何?
- RQ4所提方案能否缓解传统脉冲雷达系统固有的遮蔽和近目标盲区问题?
- RQ5在现实自干扰条件下的性能增益如何?具体而言,所提FD-ISAC波形在检测概率和通信速率方面表现如何?
主要发现
- 由于在雷达脉冲间隔期间采用全双工传输,所提FD-ISAC波形的通信频谱效率显著高于采用信息嵌入的雷达为中心半双工方案。
- 该方案保持了优异的感知性能,因为LFM波形保留了其有利的自相关特性和距离分辨力。
- 与半双工方案相比,检测概率得到提升,尤其是在低SINR区域,这是由于时域资源得到充分利用。
- 所提波形的模糊函数与传统LFM波形非常接近,表明感知分辨力几乎没有退化。
- 数值结果表明,当自干扰得到有效抑制时,所提方案在通信速率和检测性能方面均优于以雷达为中心和以通信为中心的基准方案。
- 通过实现连续传输与感知,该方案有效缓解了传统脉冲雷达系统中常见的遮蔽和近目标盲区问题。
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