Hye‐Sun Park

LPS, the primary constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is recognized by TLR4. Binding of TLR4 to LPS triggers various cell signaling pathways including NF-kappaB activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In this study, we present the data that LPS-induced ROS generation and NF-kappaB activation are mediated by a direct interaction of TLR4 with (NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (Nox) 4), a protein related to gp91phox (Nox2) of phagocytic cells, in HEK293T cells. Yeast two h

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells stimulated with growth factors requires the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the Rac protein. We report here that the COOH-terminal region of Nox1, a protein related to gp91(phox) (Nox2) of phagocytic cells, is constitutively associated with beta Pix, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac. Both growth factor-induced ROS production and Rac1 activation were completely blocked in cells depleted of beta Pix by RNA

Augmented reality (AR) is currently being applied actively to commercial products, and various types of intelligent AR systems combining both the Global Positioning System and computer‐vision technologies are being developed and commercialized. This paper suggests an in‐vehicle head‐up display (HUD) system that is combined with AR technology. The proposed system recognizes driving‐safety information and offers it to the driver. Unlike existing HUD systems, the system displays information registe

A microplasma jet with a capillary electrode working at atmospheric pressure is developed to create nonthermal plasma. This jet can be operated at an excitation frequency either in several tens of kilohertz ac range (or pulsed voltage with a repetition rate of kilohertz range) or in radio-frequency range. The working gas, helium or argon, and the additive gas, oxygen, are fed into the plasma jet. The discharge has been characterized by optical emission spectroscopy. The electrical property of th

Since the identification of BRI1-Associated receptor Kinase 1 (BAK1), a member of the Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase (SERK) family, the dual functions of BAK1 in BR signaling and innate immunity in Arabidopsis have attracted considerable attention as clues for understanding developmental processes that must be balanced between growth and defense over the life of plants. Here, we extended our research to study cellular functions of OsSERKs in rice. As it was difficult to identify an authen

The significance of lymphatic system has gathered great attention for immunotechnology related to cancer metastasis and immunotherapy. To develop innovative immunodiagnostics and immunotherapy in in vivo environments, it is very important to understand excretion pathways and clearance of injected cargoes. Herein, we employed Tm(3+)-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) with versatile advantages suitable for long-term non-invasive in vivo optical imaging and tracking. Transport and retention o

A treX in the trehalose biosynthesis gene cluster of Sulfolobus solfataricus ATCC 35092 has been reported to produce TreX, which hydrolyzes the alpha-1,6-branch portion of amylopectin and glycogen. TreX exhibited 4-alpha-D-glucan transferase activity, catalyzing the transfer of alpha-1,4-glucan oligosaccharides from one molecule to another in the case of linear maltooligosaccharides (G3-G7), and it produced cyclic glucans from amylopectin and amylose like 4-alpha-glucanotransferase. These result

Cancer-cell-specific pH-activatable polymer nanogels consisting of CD44-receptor-targeting hyaluronic acid (HA), pH-sensitive poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE), and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent indocyanine green (ICG) were synthesized and used to detect cancer cells. The HA/PBAE/ICG-polymer-nanogel-based NIR probe was nonfluorescent outside of tumor cells. After internalization by CD44-receptor-mediated endocytosis, the probe accumulated in the late endosomes or lysosomes where the acidic pH solubil

Time-resolved optical emission spectroscopy was employed to examine the temporal properties of a plume formed by laser ablation of a graphite target in He, N2, and Ar background gases. Time-dependent spectroscopic temperatures of electronically excited C2 and CN molecules generated in the plume at different background gases and pressures were derived by simulation of the emission spectra. The rotational temperature of CN molecules was significantly higher than the vibrational temperature. This i

Leprechaunism features a clinical constellation characterized by extreme insulin resistance, growth retardation, and several distinct developmental abnormalities. One puzzling observation about leprechaunism is that mutations in the insulin receptor gene frequently associated with this syndrome cannot account for the aberrant responses of cultured cells to other growth factors. Here we report that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is impaired in cells from leprechaunism patients, t

The effect of diabetes distress on glycemic control and its association with diabetes complications is still poorly understood. We aimed to study the clinical features of patients with high diabetes distress, focusing on changes in glycemic control and risk of diabetic complications. From the Korean National Diabetes Program data, we investigated 1862 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who completed diabetic complication studies and the Korean version of the Problem Areas in Diabet

Parathyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for primary hyperparathyroidism when the clinical criteria are met. Although bilateral neck exploration is traditionally the standard method for surgery, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), or focused parathyroidectomy, has been widely accepted with comparable curative outcomes. For successful MIP, accurate preoperative localization of parathyroid lesions is essential. However, no consensus exists on the optimal approach for localization. Curr