In-Hyang Kim

All bisphenols, in particular those at or above the LOD or median levels, were associated with ADHD symptoms at age 6. Further prospective studies are warranted to determine causal inference.

BACKGROUND: Phthalates are synthetic chemicals with endocrine-disrupting properties. They are reportedly associated with various neurotoxic outcomes. Studies on exposure to phthalates and children's autistic traits have shown inconsistent results with respect to sex and susceptible time periods. We investigated the association of phthalate exposure during the prenatal period and childhood with autistic traits over time using a birth cohort in South Korea. METHODS: Five phthalate metabolites were

There is evidence that exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Previous studies have focused on prenatal exposure to PFAS, and only few studies have examined the associations of early-childhood exposure, especially at low exposure levels. This study explored the association between early-childhood exposure to PFAS and ADHD symptoms later in childhood. In 521 children, we measured the serum levels of six PFAS in per

The results suggest that breastfeeding is positively associated with learning skills in school-aged children.

Both prenatal and early-childhood exposure to 3-PBA were found to be associated with ADHD symptoms. Exposure during pregnancy, and at ages 2 to 6 were found to be susceptible periods for pyrethroid neurotoxicity at ages 6 and 8.

The involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been suggested in several reports. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, as well as methylation of the D-loop region and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α (PPARGC1A), are considered biomarkers for mitochondrial dysfunction. We compared the mtDNA copy number and methylation ratio of the D-loop region and PPARGC1A between ADHD patients and controls.

BACKGROUND: Firefighters are at high risk for subthreshold and full-threshold posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to their frequent exposure to various traumatic events. Although individuals with subthreshold PTSD have increased impairment, often needing treatment, the rates of subthreshold PTSD in firefighters remain unknown. Moreover, there is currently no consensus regarding the definition of subthreshold PTSD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rates and clinical impairmen

BACKGROUND: There has been a strong association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideation, which are both major mental health concerns in firefighters. Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and insomnia are linked with both PTSD and suicidal ideation, but no studies have examined whether the relationship between PTSD and suicidal ideation can be explained by AUDs and insomnia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of AUDs and insomnia in the relationship

Objective: To examine the association between variants of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit-encoding genes ( GRIN2A and GRIN2B) and continuous performance test (CPT) variables in ADHD and healthy controls. Method: In all, 253 ADHD patients and 98 controls were recruited. The diagnosis, genotype, and diagnosis–genotype interaction effects for the CPT variables were examined. Results: Significant diagnosis effects were detected for all CPT variables. There were significant genotype and