Jeong Hwan Che

Butyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid (butyl paraben, BP) is widely used as a preservative in food and cosmetic products. Routledge et al showed that BP is weakly estrogenic in both in vitro and in vivo (rat uterotrophic) analyses. We investigated whether maternal exposures to BP during gestation and lactation periods affected the development of the reproductive organs of the F1 offspring. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously with 100 or 200 mg/kg of BP from gestation day (GD) 6 to po

Although silicon dioxide (SiO2), silver (Ag) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles are widely used in diverse applications from food to biomedicine, in vivo toxicities of these nanoparticles exposed via the oral route remain highly controversial. To examine the systemic toxicity of these nanoparticles, well-dispersed nanoparticles were orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats daily over a 13-week period. Based on the results of an acute toxicity and a 14-day repeated toxicity study, 975.9, 1030

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in diverse applications ranging from paints and cosmetics to biomedicine and food. Although micron-sized ZnO is a traditional food supplement, ZnO NPs are an unknown public health risk because of their unique physicochemical properties. Herein, we studied the 13-week subchronic toxicity of ZnO NPs administered via the oral route according to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guideline 408. Well-dispersed ZnO NPs were a

Apigenin, an aromatic compound, exhibits antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑viral effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of apigenin on cell proliferation and apoptosis of human melanoma cells A375P and A375SM. Therefore, melanoma cells were treated with apigenin to determine its anti‑proliferative and survival effects, using wound healing and MTT assays. The results revealed that melanoma cell viability was decreased in a dose‑dependent manner. Furthermore, chromatin c

Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hATMSC) have emerged as a potentially powerful tool for bone repair, but an appropriate evaluation system has not been established. The purpose of this study was to establish a preclinical assessment system to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cell therapies in a nude rat bone defect model. Segmental defects (5 mm) were created in the femoral diaphyses and transplanted with cell media (control), hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds (

Therapeutic cancer vaccines promote immune responses by delivering tumour-specific antigens. Recently, we developed iron oxide (Fe3 O4 )-zinc oxide (ZnO) core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) as carriers for antigen delivery into dendritic cells (DCs), and the CSNPs were injected subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice to examine the systemic toxicity, tissue distribution and excretion of the CSNPs. The doses injected were 0, 4, 20 and 200 mg kg(-1) weekly for 4 weeks. No significant changes were observed a

In vitro testing methods for classifying sensitizers could be valuable alternatives to in vivo sensitization testing using animal models, such as the murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) and the guinea pig maximization test (GMT), but there remains a need for in vitro methods that are more accurate and simpler to distinguish skin sensitizers from non-sensitizers. Thus, the aim of our study was to establish an in vitro assay as a screening tool for detecting skin sensitizers using the human kerat

Ixeris dentata (Thunb. Ex Thunb.) Nakai (ID) exhibits various physiological activities, and its related plant derived-products are expected to represent promising cancer therapeutic agents. However, the anticancer effects of ID extract on breast cancer cells classified as estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects and analyzed the molecular mechanism of ID extrac

BACKGROUND: Safety concerns exist for corneal recipients under immunosuppression. We report long-term safety results of porcine corneal xenotransplantation under immunosuppression in nonhuman primates. METHODS: Systemic monitoring data from 49 Chinese rhesus macaques that received pig corneal transplant between 2009 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The recipients were divided into 4 groups depending on the systemic immunosuppressants used: (a) conventional steroid group; costimulation blo

Oleanolic acid (OA) is widely distributed in food and medicinal plants, it reportedly exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of OA on human gastric cancer cells AGS in vitro and in vivo. The OA treatment significantly inhibited the AGS cell viability. Apoptosis was confirmed via annexin V/PI staining and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The results from western blotting revealed that treatment with OA affected apoptosis-related p

Natural products are continuously being researched to develop safe and effective treatment options for cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer in women. Piperlongumine (PL), an amide alkaloid mainly present in long pepper, exhibits neuroprotective and anti-cancer properties. However, the specific effect of PL in cervical cancer and the relationship between the anti-cancer pathway and autophagy remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate PL-induced apoptosis in KB human cervical can

Chrysin is known to exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer effects of chrysin in the human melanoma cells A375SM and A375P. The results obtained demonstrated successful inhibition of the viability of these cells by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. This was confirmed by the level of apoptosis-related proteins: Bax and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase both increased, and Bcl-2 decreased. Moreover, levels of LC3 and