Nayoun Kim

ABSTRACT Severe mechanical damage such as cracks can occur in foods during cryogenic freezing. Ten physical properties of 22 different materials were correlated with freeze‐cracking incidence. Statistical analyses revealed that several properties correlated significantly with freeze‐cracking. This implies that freeze‐cracking depends not only on moisture content but on combinations of several properties. A set of equations based on densities and porosities was developed to predict freeze‐crackin

It has been assumed that the wh -element weishenme “why” in Chinese has two distinct interpretations: a reason reading, which typically yields yinwei “because”-answers, and a purpose reading, which typically triggers weile “in order to”-answers. It is claimed that the two interpretations differ in island sensitivity: the reason weishenme is sensitive to islands while the purpose weishenme is not. Assuming that the reason weishenme is a wh -adverb without finer internal structure, while the purpo

Attaining security through cryptography techniques can be puzzling. A large and potentially confusing variety of security solutions are built from a relatively small number of primitive cryptographic components. It is widely recognized however; that data security will play a crucial role in modern times for business will be transacted over the internet and even to wireless devices. This paper presents a cross crypto-scheme that combines both symmetric algorithm of AES and the asymmetric algorith

This study attempts to reveal the mechanisms behind the online formation of Wh-Filler-Gap Dependencies (WhFGD). Specifically, we aim to uncover the way in which maintenance and retrieval work in WhFGD processing, by paying special attention to the information that is retrieved when the gap is recognized. We use the agreement attraction phenomenon (Wagers, M. W., Lau, E. F., & Phillips, C. (2009). Agreement attraction in comprehension: Representations and processes. Journal of Memory and Language

We investigate whether grammatical information is accessed in processing noun phrase ellipsis (NPE) and other anaphoric constructions. The first experiment used an agreement attraction paradigm to reveal that ungrammatical plural verbs following NPE with an antecedent containing a plural modifier (e.g. Derek’s key to the boxes … and Mary’s_ probably *are safe in the drawer) show similar facilitation to non-elided NPs. The second experiment used the same paradigm to examine a coordination constru

ABSTRACT Harvest date and maturity (by the Hull Scrape method) were compared to mechanical properties and chemical composition of peanuts. In general, later‐harvested or mature peanuts exhibited higher cutting and shear‐compression forces, shear‐compression energy and slope of force‐deformation curve than earlier‐harvested or immature peanuts. Mesocarp color of peanuts could be used as an index to group peanuts with similar shear‐compression energy (sensory crunchiness). Harvest date did not aff

This study aims to test two hypotheses about the online processing of Gapping: whether the parser inserts an ellipsis site in an incremental fashion in certain coordinated structures (the Incremental Ellipsis Hypothesis), or whether ellipsis is a late and dispreferred option (the Ellipsis as a Last Resort Hypothesis). We employ two offline acceptability rating experiments and a sentence fragment completion experiment to investigate to what extent the distribution of Gapping is controlled by gram

Critical Infrastructure or CI are so crucial and play a vital role in the society. A damage or breakage of it will have a huge effect on humanity and economy. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA) play a big role on Critical Infrastructure since most of these infrastructures are controlled by control systems like SCADA. In this paper, we discuss the vulnerabilities of a SCADA system, its effect to the society and the ways to prevent such vulnerabilities. We also researched on

Information is an essential resource for all businesses today and is the key to growth and success. However, we need to ensure that the information held on our IT systems is secure. The impact of a security breach may be far greater than we would expect. The loss of sensitive or critical information directly may not only affect our competitiveness and cash flow but also damage our reputation - something which may have taken us years to establish and which may be impossible to restore. In our pap

Purpose: Little is known about the impact of financial toxicity in disease-free breast cancer survivors. We aim to validate the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity in Korean (COST-K) and evaluate financial toxicity among disease-free breast cancer survivors. Materials and methods: We conducted linguistic validation following a standardized methodology recommended by Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy multilingual translation (FACITtrans). For psychometric validation, we cond

The dispreference for subject case ellipsis in OSV sentences has been analyzed as resulting from a violation of a structural requirement on the position of bare subject NPs (Ahn and Cho 2006a, 2006b, 2007). In this study, we present evidence from an acceptability rating experiment demonstrating that OSV sentences containing a case-ellipsed subject exhibit acceptability patterns different from ungrammatical sentences violating a core syntactic principle on case assignment and that these sentences

We present experimental evidence showing that different wh-filler-gap dependencies are processed differently, depending on their syntactic licensors. Our studies compared the active storage profiles for why, how, and who (serving as subject or object of the verb). The results of offline and online experiments revealed that these wh-fillers are stored in memory for different durations, and predictably so based on the hypothesised structural distance between each wh-filler and the licensor which d

Online wh-filler-gap dependency resolution can be characterized by the maintenance of the wh-filler, an active search for the gap and the retrieval of the wh-filler at the gap site (Wagers & Phillips 14). This study tested how wh-fillers are maintained in memory in two different WhFGD formations: "reactivated" WhFGD formation (the filler that is linked to the verb once, and is reactivated later) and "active" WhFGD formation.Taken together, information associated with the wh-filler is maintai

'long/become long' are categorially ambiguous; they can appear as both adjectives and verbs. Some suggest that these words are listed under separate lexical entries, while others propose that they share one single lexical entry, and that the verb form is morphologically derived from the base adjective through a process called zero derivation. This study presents the results of a real-time experiment that investigates whether these words involve zero derivation and if so, how zero derivation may